Graphene and graphene oxide: Raw materials, synthesis, and application

• Published in: AIP conference proceedings Vol. 2197; no. 1
• Main Authors: Lesdantina, Dina, Ariyanti, Dessy
• Format: Journal Article Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Published: Melville American Institute of Physics 02.01.2020
• Subjects: Bagasse; Carbon; Charcoal; Chemical vapor deposition; Electronic devices; Ethanol; Exfoliation; Graphene; Heat treatment; High temperature; Organic chemistry; Pyrolytic graphite; Raw materials; Reduction; Transition metals
• ISSN: 0094-243X; 1551-7616
• DOI: 10.1063/1.5140916

For the past ten years, Graphene and graphene oxide has become subject of interest in the research of new material development. However, discoveries and researches about graphene have been conducted for many years before. Graphene is defined as a single layer of atom carbon which has a specific characteristic. It’s very thin but has spectacular strength. The common process to produce single-sheet graphene is thermal or mechanical treatment of Graphene Oxide. Graphene also can be synthesized via some methods such as mechanical exfoliation/intercalation, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and reduction method include reduction graphene oxide and reduction of other precursors such as glucose, Sic or ethanol. For mechanical exfoliation, using Scotch Tape can produce graphene flakes in μm size by pulling off graphene layers from highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). CVD method is also popular, but more expensive than exfoliation. The process occurs at a high temperature. Methane, hydrogen, and a transition metal are used in this method. Almost all synthesis routes using graphite to produce graphene, whereas in our environment many carbon sources can be used to produce graphene, such as charcoal from wood, coconut cell, saw powder and bagasse which will be interesting to study further. Due to its unique properties, graphene can be applied in many fields such as energy, environmental and electronic devices application. In this overview paper, the possible raw materials that can be used to synthesize graphene were explored, the synthesis routes were explained and the applications in many fields were discussed.