The Molecular Mechanism of Notch Activation

Research in the last several years has shown that Notch proteolysis, and thus Notch activation, is conformationally controlled by the extracellular juxtamembrane NRR of Notch, which sterically occludes the S2 protease site until ligand binds. The question of how conformational exposure of the protea...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inAdvances in experimental medicine and biology Vol. 1066; p. 47
Main Authors Lovendahl, Klaus N, Blacklow, Stephen C, Gordon, Wendy R
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States 2018
Subjects
Animals
Humans
Protein Domains
Proteolysis
Receptors, Notch - chemistry
Receptors, Notch - genetics
Receptors, Notch - metabolism
Signal Transduction - physiology
Structure-Activity Relationship
Single molecule force spectroscopy
Mechanotransduction
Notch signaling
X-ray structure
Molecular tension sensors
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Summary:Research in the last several years has shown that Notch proteolysis, and thus Notch activation, is conformationally controlled by the extracellular juxtamembrane NRR of Notch, which sterically occludes the S2 protease site until ligand binds. The question of how conformational exposure of the protease site is achieved during physiologic activation, and thus how normal activation is bypassed in disease pathogenesis, has been the subject of intense study in the last several years, and is the subject of this chapter. Here, we summarize the structural features of the NRR domains of Notch receptors that establish the autoinhibited state and then review a number of recent studies aimed at testing the mechanotransduction model for Notch signaling using force spectroscopy and molecular tension sensors.
ISSN:0065-2598
DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-89512-3_3