Tumor Lysis Syndrome: A Unique Solute Disturbance

• Published in: The Nursing clinics of North America Vol. 52; no. 2; p. 309
• Main Authors: Strauss, Penelope Z, Hamlin, Shannan K, Dang, Johnny
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.06.2017
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Hyperphosphatemia - diagnosis; Hyperphosphatemia - nursing; Hyperphosphatemia - physiopathology; Hyperuricemia - diagnosis; Hyperuricemia - nursing; Hyperuricemia - physiopathology; Infant; Male; Middle Aged; Oncology Nursing - standards; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Risk Factors; Tumor Lysis Syndrome - diagnosis; Tumor Lysis Syndrome - nursing; Tumor Lysis Syndrome - physiopathology; Water-Electrolyte Imbalance - diagnosis; Water-Electrolyte Imbalance - nursing; Water-Electrolyte Imbalance - physiopathology; Young Adult; Hyperphosphatemia; Hyperkalemia; Hyperuricemia; Tumor lysis syndrome; Malignant cell metabolism
• ISSN: 1558-1357
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cnur.2017.01.008

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a life-threatening disorder that is an oncologic emergency. Risk factors for TLS are well-known, but the current literature shows case descriptions of unexpected acute TLS. Solid tumors and untreated hematologic tumors can lyse under various circumstances in children and adults. International guidelines and recommendations, including the early involvement of the critical care team, have been put forward to help clinicians properly manage the syndrome. Advanced practice nurses may be in the position of triaging and initiating treatment of patients with TLS, and need a thorough understanding of the syndrome and its treatment.