Hypomagnesaemia due to use of proton pump inhibitors ― a review

Magnesium homeostasis is essential for many intracellular processes and depends on the balance of intestinal absorption and renal excretion. Hypomagnesaemia may arise from various disorders. We review the literature on hypomagnesaemia due to the use of proton pump inhibitors, as illustrated by a cas...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inNetherlands journal of medicine Vol. 67; no. 5; pp. 169 - 172
Main Authors KUIPERS, M. T, THANG, H. D, ARNTZENIUS, A. B
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Alphen aan den Rijn Van zuiden 01.05.2009
Subjects
Aged
Antacids - administration & dosage
Anti-Ulcer Agents - adverse effects
Biological and medical sciences
Esomeprazole - adverse effects
Female
General aspects
Humans
Hypocalcemia - chemically induced
Hypocalcemia - drug therapy
Magnesium Deficiency - chemically induced
Magnesium Deficiency - drug therapy
Magnesium Deficiency - genetics
Magnesium Oxide - administration & dosage
Medical sciences
Metabolic diseases
Metals (hemochromatosis...)
Mutation - genetics
Other metabolic disorders
Proton Pump Inhibitors - adverse effects
hypomagnesaemia
Hydroelectrolytic balance disorder
Calcium
Use
Review
Hypocalcaemia
Inorganic element
Proton pump inhibitor
Medicine
proton pump inhibitors
Metabolic disorder
TRPM7
Magnesium
TRPM6
Hypocalcemia
Hypomagnesemia
Bibliographic review
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Summary:Magnesium homeostasis is essential for many intracellular processes and depends on the balance of intestinal absorption and renal excretion. Hypomagnesaemia may arise from various disorders. We review the literature on hypomagnesaemia due to the use of proton pump inhibitors, as illustrated by a case of a 76-year-old woman with muscle cramps and lethargy caused by hypomagnesaemia and hypocalcaemia with a low parathyroid hormone level while using esomeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). After oral magnesium repletion both abnormalities resolved. Fractional magnesium excretion was low, excluding excessive renal loss. A causal relation with PPI use was supported by the recurrence of hypomagnesaemia after rechallenge. In the past decade our understanding of transcellular magnesium transport was enhanced by the discovery of several gene mutations i.e. transient receptor potential melastin (TR PM) 6 and 7. In this light we discuss the possible aetiology of proton pump inhibitor related hypomagnesaemia.
ISSN:0300-2977
1872-9061