Eimeria falciformis extracellular vesicles differentially express host cell lncRNAs

• Published in: The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology Vol. 71; no. 2; p. e13009
• Main Authors: Olajide, Joshua S, Qu, Zigang, Yang, Shunli, Yang, Bin, Xu, Xiao, Wang, Jing, Cai, Jianping
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.03.2024
• Subjects: Animals; Base Sequence; Circular RNA; Density gradients; Eimeria; Eimeria - genetics; Epithelial cells; Extracellular vesicles; Forkhead protein; Genes; Immune response; Inflammation; MAP kinase; Mice; Non-coding RNA; Nucleotide sequence; Parasites; PCR; Protozoal infections; Pyroptosis; RNA sequencing; RNA, Long Noncoding - genetics; RNA, Long Noncoding - metabolism; Secretome; Sequence Analysis, RNA; Sporozoites; Ultracentrifugation; Virulence; Virulence factors; host-parasite interaction; Apicomplexa; extracellular vesicles; lncRNA; circRNA; Eimeria falciformis
• ISSN: 1066-5234; 1550-7408; 1550-7408
• DOI: 10.1111/jeu.13009

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are regulatory transcripts during protozoan infections in the host intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Apicomplexan Eimeria falciformis sporozoite extracellular vesicles (EVs) contain virulence factors that modulate host IECs pro-inflammatory genes and immune responses. In this study, E. falciformis sporozoites were made to interact with inactivated host cells, and the parasite EVs were separated from total secretome by ultracentrifugation and purified on density gradient medium. Dose-dependent bio-activity of E. falciformis EVs was investigated by RNA sequencing, functional annotation and quantitative PCR. It was found that E. falciformis EVs induced mRNA, circRNA, and lncRNA expressions in mouse IECs. Of 38, 217 lncRNAs assembled, 157 and 152 were upwardly and downwardly expressed respectively. Differentially expressed lncRNAs were associated with cytokines, pyroptosis, and immune signaling pathways including FoxO, NF-κB, MAPK, and TGF-β. In essence, E. falciformis EVs altered host cell RNA expressions during the interaction with host IECs. Also, differentially expressed lncRNAs are potential diagnostic transcripts during Eimeria infections.