Insulin-like growth factors and prostate cancer : A population-based case-control study in China

• Published in: Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention Vol. 10; no. 5; pp. 421 - 427
• Main Authors: CHOKKALINGAM, Anand P, POLLAK, Michael, ZIEGLER, Regina G, FRAUMENI, Joseph F, HSING, Ann W, FILLMORE, Capri-Mara, GAO, Yu-Tang, STANCZYK, Frank Z, JIE DENG, SESTERHENN, Isabell A, MOSTOFI, F. Kash, FEARS, Thomas R, MADIGAN, M. Patricia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Philadelphia, PA American Association for Cancer Research 01.05.2001
• Subjects: Aged; Biological and medical sciences; Biomarkers, Tumor - blood; Case-Control Studies; China - epidemiology; Confidence Intervals; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1 - analysis; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 - analysis; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I - analysis; Insulin-Like Growth Factor II - analysis; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases; Odds Ratio; Population Surveillance; Probability; Prostatic Neoplasms - blood; Prostatic Neoplasms - diagnosis; Prostatic Neoplasms - epidemiology; Reference Values; Sensitivity and Specificity; Somatomedins - analysis; Tropical medicine; Tumors of the urinary system; Urinary tract. Prostate gland; Asia; China; Adenocarcinoma; Human; Urinary system disease; Prostate disease; Cytokine; Male; Malignant tumor; Case control study; Insulin like growth factor; Serum; Male genital diseases; Prostate; Growth factor; Quantitative analysis
• ISSN: 1055-9965; 1538-7755

Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) have potent mitogenic and antiapoptotic effects on prostate epithelial cells. Through modulation of IGF bioactivity and other mechanisms, IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) also have growth-regulatory effects on prostate cells. Recently, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 have been implicated in prostate cancer risk among Western populations. To assess whether IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-1, or IGFBP-3 are also associated with prostate cancer in a low-risk population, we measured plasma levels of these factors among 128 newly diagnosed prostate cancer cases and 306 randomly selected population controls in Shanghai, China. Relative to the lowest quartile of IGF-I levels, men in the highest quartile had a 2.6-fold higher prostate cancer risk, with a significant trend [odds ratio (OR) = 2.63; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 1.19-5.79; P(trend) = 0.01]. In contrast, men in the highest quartile of IGFBP-3 levels had a 46% decreased risk relative to the lowest quartile (OR = 0.54; 95% CI = 0.26-1.15; P(trend) = 0.08). A similar but less distinct result was observed for IGFBP-1 (OR = 0.60; 95% CI = 0.31-1.17; P(trend) = 0.25). Men in the highest quartile for the IGF-I:IGFBP-3 molar ratio (an indirect measure of free IGF-I) had a 2.5-fold higher risk compared with the lowest quartile (OR = 2.51; 95% CI = 1.32-4.75, P(trend) < 0.001). These associations were more pronounced after adjustment for serum 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol glucuronide and sex hormone-binding globulin levels. There was no significant association with IGF-II levels. Our findings in a low-risk population provide evidence that IGF-I, IGFBP-3, and IGFBP-1 are determinants of prostate cancer and indicate that additional studies are needed to evaluate their effects on ethnic and geographic incidence differentials and to elucidate carcinogenic mechanisms.