Somatic mutations of multiple Endocrine neoplasia type 1 gene in the sporadic endocrine tumors

• Published in: Laboratory investigation Vol. 78; no. 4; pp. 471 - 475
• Main Authors: LIANG SHAN, NAKAMURA, Y, NAKAMURA, M, YOKOI, T, TSUJIMOTO, M, ARIMA, R, KAMEYA, T, KAKUDO, K
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Nature Publishing 01.04.1998
• Subjects: Adenoma - genetics; Adenoma, Islet Cell - genetics; Biological and medical sciences; Endocrinopathies; General aspects. Associated endocrine diseases. Endocrine paraneoplasic syndromes; Humans; Loss of Heterozygosity; Medical sciences; Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 - genetics; Mutation; Pancreatic Neoplasms - genetics; Parathyroid Neoplasms - genetics; Endocrinopathy; Human; Sporadic; Insulinoma; Exploration; Malignant tumor; Genetic disease; Secretory tumor; Multiple endocrine neoplasia type I; Gene; Parathyroid diseases; Parathyroid glands; Mutation; Benign neoplasm; Endocrine pancreatic diseases; Molecular biology; Pancreatic disease
• ISSN: 0023-6837; 1530-0307

Endocrine tumors of the parathyroid and pancreas are encountered either as sporadic type or as part of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1). A high frequency of the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) has been observed in tumors of the sporadic type in the locus of the MEN 1 gene, which has recently been cloned and designated the menin gene. It would be of great interest to determine whether somatic mutations in the menin gene are responsible for the sporadic endocrine tumors. For this purpose, we have investigated the menin gene mutations in 21 sporadic parathyroid adenomas, 2 parathyroid carcinomas, 4 sporadic insulinomas, and 1 malignant VIP (vasoactive intestinal polypeptide)oma with WDHA (watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and achlorhydria) syndrome, using PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism analysis and DNA sequencing. In none of these cases did the patient have a family history or other possible association with MEN 1. We have discovered somatic point mutations in two parathyroid adenomas (A340T and A541T), in one insulinoma (T429K), and in the malignant VIPoma (W198X). In addition, we have found two polymorphisms (D418D and V367V) in two parathyroid carcinomas and two parathyroid adenomas. Of these mutations and polymorphisms, three (A340T, T429K, and V367V) are first reported here, in the present article. Our results indicate that somatic mutations of the menin gene are responsible for a proportion of the sporadic parathyroid adenomas and pancreatic islet cell tumors.