Cloning and characterization of Exodus, a novel β-chemokine

• Published in: Blood Vol. 89; no. 9; pp. 3315 - 3322
• Main Authors: HROMAS, R, GRAY, P. W, COOPER, S, BROXMEYER, H. E, KLEMSZ, M. J, CHANTRY, D, GODISKA, R, KRATHWOHL, M, FIFE, K, BELL, G. I, TAKEDA, J, ARONICA, S, GORDON, M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC The Americain Society of Hematology 01.05.1997
• Subjects: AIDS/HIV; Amino Acid Sequence; Analysis of the immune response. Humoral and cellular immunity; Base Sequence; Biological and medical sciences; Blotting, Northern; Bone Marrow Cells; Cell Line; Chemokine CCL20; Chemokines - biosynthesis; Chemokines - chemistry; Chemokines - pharmacology; Chemokines, CC; Chemotaxis - drug effects; Cloning, Molecular; DNA, Complementary; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Fundamental immunology; Gene Library; Hematopoietic Stem Cells - cytology; Hematopoietic Stem Cells - drug effects; Hematopoietic Stem Cells - physiology; Humans; Immunobiology; Islets of Langerhans - metabolism; Kinetics; Lymphokines, interleukins ( function, expression); Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; Molecular Sequence Data; Organ Specificity; Receptors, CCR6; Receptors, Chemokine; Recombinant Proteins - biosynthesis; Recombinant Proteins - pharmacology; Regulatory factors and their cellular receptors; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Transcription, Genetic; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Human; Cell proliferation; Stem cell; Cytokine; Hematopoietic cell; Chemotaxis; Biological activity; Chemokine; Regulation(control); Mononuclear cell; Tumor necrosis factor; Lipopolysaccharide; Genetics; Inhibition; Molecular biology; Molecular cloning
• ISSN: 0006-4971; 1528-0020

Chemokines are a family of related proteins that regulate leukocyte infiltration into inflamed tissue. Some chemokines such as MIP-1 alpha also inhibit hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation. Recently, three chemokines, MIP-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta, and RANTES, have been found to significantly decrease human immunodeficiency virus production from infected T cells. We report here the cloning and characterization of a novel human chemokine termed Exodus for its chemotactic properties. This novel chemokine is distantly related to other chemokines (28% homology with MIP-1 alpha) and shares several biological activities. Exodus is expressed preferentially in lymphocytes and monocytes, and its expression is markedly upregulated by mediators of inflammation such as tumor necrosis factor or lipopolysaccharide. Purified synthetic Exodus was found to inhibit proliferation of myeloid progenitors in colony formation assays. Exodus also stimulated chemotaxis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The sequence homology, expression, and biological activity indicate that Exodus represents a novel divergent beta-chemokine.