A rare case of malignant vagus nerve sheath tumor presenting with multiple cranial nerve dysfunction in a dog

A 5-year-old intact male Gascon Saintongeois dog was presented with a 6-month history of coughing, laryngeal paralysis, a deglutition disorder of gradual onset, and left-sided Horner's syndrome. The dog was admitted as an emergency for acute central vestibular signs. Magnetic resonance images i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inCanadian veterinary journal Vol. 61; no. 10; pp. 1049 - 1054
Main Authors Giraud, Lucile, Lezmi, Stéphane, Gomes, Eymeric, Cauzinille, Laurent
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Canada Canadian Veterinary Medical Association 01.10.2020
Subjects
Animals
Cranial Nerve Neoplasms - diagnosis
Cranial Nerve Neoplasms - veterinary
Dog Diseases - diagnosis
Dogs
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - veterinary
Male
Nerve Sheath Neoplasms - veterinary
Scientific
Trigeminal Nerve
Vagus Nerve
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Summary:A 5-year-old intact male Gascon Saintongeois dog was presented with a 6-month history of coughing, laryngeal paralysis, a deglutition disorder of gradual onset, and left-sided Horner's syndrome. The dog was admitted as an emergency for acute central vestibular signs. Magnetic resonance images identified a left extra-axial brainstem lesion extending caudally from the medulla to the vagosympathetic trunk. Histological and immunohistological examination revealed a high grade epithelioid malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST). This case report is the first description of a MPNST of the vagus nerve compressing the brainstem and causing multiple cranial nerve dysfunction in a dog. Key clinical message: Nerve sheath tumors have been reported in many locations arising from spinal nerve roots and cranial nerves. Although the trigeminal nerve is the most commonly affected nerve, other cranial nerves such as the vagus can be affected.
ISSN:0008-5286