p110α and p110β isoforms of PI3K signaling: are they two sides of the same coin?

• Published in: FEBS letters Vol. 590; no. 18; pp. 3071 - 3082
• Main Authors: Singh, Paramjeet, Dar, Mohd Saleem, Dar, Mohd Jamal
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England 01.09.2016
• Subjects: Akt; Animals; cell signalling; Class Ia Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase - antagonists & inhibitors; Class Ia Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase - chemistry; Class Ia Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase - genetics; Class Ia Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase - metabolism; Humans; PI3K signaling pathway; Protein Isoforms - antagonists & inhibitors; Protein Isoforms - chemistry; Protein Isoforms - genetics; Protein Isoforms - metabolism; Protein Transport; Signal Transduction; PI3K signaling pathway; cell signalling; Akt
• ISSN: 0014-5793; 1873-3468
• DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12377

Class‐1 phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinases (PI3Ks) are activated by a variety of extracellular stimuli and have been implicated in a wide range of cellular processes. p110α and p110β are the two most studied isoforms of the class‐1A PI3K signaling pathway. Although these two isoforms are ubiquitously expressed and play multiple redundant roles, they also have distinct functions within the cell. More recently, p110α and p110β isoforms have been shown to translocate into the nucleus and play a role in DNA replication and repair, and in cell cycle progression. In the following Review article, we discuss the overlapping and unique roles of p110α and p110β isoforms with a particular focus on their structure, expression analysis, subcellular localization, and signaling contributions in various cell types and model organisms.