Immunomodulation and Humoral Immune Response in Teleost Immunized with Aeromonas-Derived Antigenic Extracellular Bioactive Molecules

• Published in: Indian journal of microbiology Vol. 64; no. 3; pp. 1110 - 1122
• Main Authors: Fatsi, Patrick Senam Kofi, Kawai, Koichiro, Asmah, Ruby, Oppong, Betty Bandoh, Appiah, Ebenezer Koranteng, Hashem, Shaharior, Addo, Acheampong, Kusorgbor, Joyce Kplorla, Magna, Emmanuel Kaboja, Obeng, Abraham Kusi, Quansah, Lydia, Saba, Courage Kosi Setsoafia, Bawah, Juliana, Setufe, Seyramsarah Blossom, Adu-Nti, Frank, Ameworwor, Miriam Yayra, Quansah, Clara Ruth, Saito, Hidetoshi, Johnson-Ashun, Mercy, Osei, Lilly Konadu, Agbeko, Etornyo, Anani, Francis Assogba, Agyakwah, Seth Koranteng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New Delhi Springer India 01.09.2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Animal diseases; Animal production; Antibodies; Antigens; Antimicrobial agents; Biological activity; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Disease control; Disease management; Food; Food industry; Food production; Immune response; Immune response (humoral); Immune system; Immunization; Immunogenicity; Immunomodulation; Immunomodulators; Life Sciences; Medical Microbiology; Microbiology; Original Research Article; Tilapia; Vaccine efficacy; Vaccines; Antigen; Antimicrobial resistance (AMR); Immunization; Extracellular bioactive molecules (EBMs); Immunomodulation; Humoral Immunity; Aeromonas
• ISSN: 0046-8991; 0973-7715
• DOI: 10.1007/s12088-024-01254-1

The common use of antimicrobials in food-animal production can lead to drug residues in edible tissues for consumers. However, immunomodulators enhance immune responses and vaccine effectiveness. A new perspective explores bacterial extracellular bioactive molecules (EBMs) in food-animal production to modulate host immune responses, potentially transforming pathogen management and antimicrobial use. This study investigates the immunogenic potential of Aeromonas hydrophila -derived EBMs (Antigens) to enhance the immune system. Four Antigens were administered intraperitoneally to Oreochromis niloticus (Nile Tilapia). Antigens 2 and Antigens 3 boosted fish immune competence within 21 days. Remarkably, Antigens 3 induced robust immunity against A . hydrophila with a single dose, notably enhancing antibody-based immune responses. The increased antibody activity suggests Antigens 3 could be a vaccine candidate, promising further research and potential application in food-animal production to improve disease control. This study highlights immunomodulators' potential in reshaping disease management in the food-animal industry, emphasizing the benefits of focusing on bacterial EBMs to reduce reliance on antimicrobials and achieve sustainable disease prevention.