Translational bioinformatics approach to combat cardiovascular disease and cancers

• Published in: Advances in protein chemistry and structural biology Vol. 139; pp. 221 - 261
• Main Authors: Shahjahan, Dey, Joy Kumar, Dey, Sanjay Kumar
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands 2024
• Subjects: Therapy; Translational bioinformatics; Cardiovascular disorders; Cure; Cancers; Antibody engineering; Drug designing
• ISSN: 1876-1631
• DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.11.006

Bioinformatics is an interconnected subject of science dealing with diverse fields including biology, chemistry, physics, statistics, mathematics, and computer science as the key fields to answer complicated physiological problems. Key intention of bioinformatics is to store, analyze, organize, and retrieve essential information about genome, proteome, transcriptome, metabolome, as well as organisms to investigate the biological system along with its dynamics, if any. The outcome of bioinformatics depends on the type, quantity, and quality of the raw data provided and the algorithm employed to analyze the same. Despite several approved medicines available, cardiovascular disorders (CVDs) and cancers comprises of the two leading causes of human deaths. Understanding the unknown facts of both these non-communicable disorders is inevitable to discover new pathways, find new drug targets, and eventually newer drugs to combat them successfully. Since, all these goals involve complex investigation and handling of various types of macro- and small- molecules of the human body, bioinformatics plays a key role in such processes. Results from such investigation has direct human application and thus we call this filed as translational bioinformatics. Current book chapter thus deals with diverse scope and applications of this translational bioinformatics to find cure, diagnosis, and understanding the mechanisms of CVDs and cancers. Developing complex yet small or long algorithms to address such problems is very common in translational bioinformatics. Structure-based drug discovery or AI-guided invention of novel antibodies that too with super-high accuracy, speed, and involvement of considerably low amount of investment are some of the astonishing features of the translational bioinformatics and its applications in the fields of CVDs and cancers.