Noninvasive Support: Does It Really Decrease Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia?

• Published in: Clinics in perinatology Vol. 43; no. 4; p. 783
• Main Authors: Wright, Clyde J, Polin, Richard A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.12.2016
• Subjects: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia - epidemiology; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure - methods; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Noninvasive Ventilation - methods; Protective Factors; Pulmonary Surfactants - therapeutic use; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn - therapy; Risk Factors; SLI (sustained lung inflation); BPD (bronchopulmonary dysplasia); High frequency ventilation; INSURE (INtubate, SURfactant, Extubate); Mechanical ventilation; Ventilatory-induced lung injury; nCPAP (nasal CPAP); CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure)
• ISSN: 1557-9840
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clp.2016.07.012

Noninvasive support of preterm infants with respiratory distress is an evidenced-based strategy to decrease the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the only noninvasive strategy with sufficient evidence to support its use in acute respiratory distress syndrome. It is unclear if one method for delivering CPAP is superior to another. Future research will focus on strategies (eg, sustained lung inflation, and administration of surfactant using a thin plastic catheter) that increase the likelihood of success with CPAP, especially in infants with a gestational age of less than 26 weeks.