Pattern of clinical drug resistance and occurrence of Gram negative bacterial neonatal sepsis at a tertiary care hospital

• Published in: Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences Vol. 34; no. 5(Supplementary); p. 1873
• Main Authors: Ahmad, Aqsa, Sarwar, Noreen, Aslam, Rizwan, Ali, Sultan, Aslam, Bilal, Adnan Arshad, Muhammad, Hameed, Hira, Imran Arshad, Muhammad
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Pakistan 01.09.2021
• Subjects: Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Female; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - epidemiology; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - microbiology; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Neonatal Sepsis - epidemiology; Neonatal Sepsis - microbiology; Pakistan - epidemiology; Tertiary Care Centers; Pakistan
• ISSN: 1011-601X
• DOI: 10.36721/PJPS.2021.34.5.SUP.1873-1878.1

Sepsis is a leading cause of neonatal deaths across the world. Gram-negative rods such as Klebsiella and E. coli are major cause of sepsis in neonates. With a mortality rate of 1-4 deaths per thousand live births, sepsis is the second most important cause of neonatal deaths in the developing countries. The present study was designed to determine the occurrence of Gram-negative bacteria in neonatal sepsis and to find antibiotic susceptibility of isolated microbes. Blood samples of 100 neonates (1-89 days old) were sub cultured on MacConkey's and Blood agar for isolation of Gram-negative bacteria. A total of four bacterial species were isolated including Klebsiella (35.71%), E. coli (28.57%), Acinetobacter (21.42%) and Proteus (14.28%). Gram-negative bacteria were isolated more commonly from EOS (early onset sepsis) as compared to LOS (late onset sepsis). Klebsiella isolates from neonates showed sensitivity to imipenem (70%) followed by ceftazidime (40%) and cefotaxime (40%) and high resistance was shown by sulfamethoxazole (80%) and amikacin (70%). E. coli associated with neonatal sepsis were sensitive to imipenem (63%) while highly resistant to cefotaxime (75%) and ciprofloxacin (62%). For Acinetobacter high sensitivity was found for ceftazidime (50%) and resistance was shown to ciprofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole (100%). Proteus showed high sensitivity to amikacin (75%) and high resistance to imipenem and ciprofloxacin (75%). In conclusion, Gram-negative associated neonatal sepsis was found in the studied subjects and drug resistance was observed to clinically used antibiotics.