Antibiotic Sensitivity pattern of Bacterial Isolates of Neonatal Septicemia in Peshawar, Pakistan

• Published in: Archives of Iranian medicine Vol. 19; no. 12; p. 866
• Main Authors: Ullah, Obaid, Khan, Aftab, Ambreen, Arif, Ahmad, Israr, Akhtar, Tasleem, Gandapor, Amin Jan, Khan, Arif Mehmood
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Iran Academy of Medical Sciences of I.R. Iran 01.12.2016
• Subjects: Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Ciprofloxacin - pharmacology; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Enoxacin - pharmacology; Escherichia coli - drug effects; Escherichia coli - physiology; Escherichia coli Infections - microbiology; Female; Gram-Negative Bacteria - drug effects; Gram-Negative Bacteria - physiology; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - microbiology; Humans; Imipenem - pharmacology; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Klebsiella - drug effects; Klebsiella - physiology; Klebsiella Infections - microbiology; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Neonatal Sepsis - microbiology; Ofloxacin - pharmacology; Pakistan; Proteus - drug effects; Proteus - physiology; Proteus Infections - microbiology; Pseudomonas - drug effects; Pseudomonas - physiology; Pseudomonas Infections - microbiology; Staphylococcal Infections - microbiology; Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects; Staphylococcus aureus - physiology; Staphylococcus epidermidis - drug effects; Staphylococcus epidermidis - physiology
• ISSN: 1029-2977; 1735-3947

Septicemia plays an important role in neonatal morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries. To investigate the bacterial pathogens causing neonatal sepsis and their antibiotic susceptibility profile. A total of 2,685 neonates aged 0-28 days were included in the study. Blood from each neonate was cultured and isolates were identified using standard biochemical tests. Antibiotic sensitivity pattern was analyzed using modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Blood culture positivity was observed in 1,534 (57.1%) samples. Most of the cases (1089 counts - 71%) were of early onset sepsis while 445 (29%) were of late onset sepsis. The incidence of sepsis was higher in males 856 (55.8%) than females 678 (44.2%) with a 1:2 ratio. Similarly, 58.3% of septicemic patients were neonates with low birth weights. Twelve hundred and six (78.6%) isolates were gram negative while 328 (23.4%) were gram positive bacteria. E. coli was the dominant pathogen seen in 811 (52.8%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus 300 (19.5%), Pseudomonas 199 (13%), Klebsiella 102 (6.7%), Proteus 87 (5.7%), Staphylococcus epidermidis 28(1.8%) and Salmonella in 7 (0.5%) samples. All bacterial isolates showed high sensitivity to Imipenem, Enoxacin, Ofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin while low sensitivity was observed for other antibiotics (n = 16). The Proteus species showed high level of multiple resistances to all antibiotics (5.9%). Imipenem, Enoxacin, Ofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin can be used as an effective antibiotic regimen for treatment of bacterial sepsis in neonates.