Two pyridine analogues with more effective ability to reverse multidrug resistance and with lower calcium channel blocking activity than their dihydropyridine counterparts

• Published in: Cancer research (Chicago, Ill.) Vol. 50; no. 10; pp. 3055 - 3061
• Main Authors: SHUDO, N, MIZOGUCHI, T, KIYOSUE, T, ARITA, M, YOSHIMURA, A, SETO, K, SAKODA, R, AKIYAMA, S.-I
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Philadelphia, PA American Association for Cancer Research 15.05.1990
• Subjects: Antineoplastic agents; ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1; Biological and medical sciences; Biological Transport - drug effects; calcium; Calcium - metabolism; Calcium Channel Blockers; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Cyclic P-Oxides - chemical synthesis; Cyclic P-Oxides - pharmacology; Cytotoxins; Dihydropyridines - chemical synthesis; Dihydropyridines - pharmacology; Drug Resistance; Electric Conductivity; General aspects; Humans; Medical sciences; Membrane Glycoproteins - metabolism; multidrug resistance; Nicotinic Acids - chemical synthesis; Nicotinic Acids - pharmacology; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Pyridines - chemical synthesis; Pyridines - pharmacology; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Vinblastine - metabolism; Antineoplastic agent; Human; Cell culture; Skin disease; Membrane protein; Calcium antagonist; Epidermis; In vitro; Biological activity; Pyridine derivatives; Sensitivity resistance; Multiple resistance; Tumor; Skin; Chemical synthesis; Tumor cell; Comparative study
• ISSN: 0008-5472; 1538-7445

Four pyridine analogues and their dihydropyridine counterparts were examined for their ability to reverse drug resistance in a multidrug-resistant human carcinoma cell line, KB-C2. Two pyridine analogues were more able to reverse drug resistance than their dihydropyridine counterparts. The other two pyridine analogues had an effect on drug resistance similar to their dihydropyridine counterparts. The calcium channel-blocking activity of all the pyridine analogues was considerably lower than that of the dihydropyridine analogues. Of the pyridine analogues, 2-[4-(diphenylmethyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl 5-(trans-4,6-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-2-yl)-2,6-dimethyl-4 -(3- nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxylate P-oxide (PAK-104P) was the most effective in reversing multidrug resistance. PAK-104P (1 and 5 microM) completely reversed the drug resistance in KB-8-5 and KB-C2 cells, respectively. The reversing effect of PAK-104P was greater than that of other multidrug resistance-reversing agents, cepharanthine, verapamil, nimodipine, and nicardipine. PAK-104P at 1 microM increased about 10-fold the accumulation of vinblastine in KB-C2 cells, whereas verapamil at the same concentration increased the accumulation about 2-fold. The inhibition of [3H]azidopine photolabeling of P-glycoprotein by the pyridine and dihydropyridine analogues except 2-[methyl(phenyl-methyl)amino]ethyl 4-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-(4-methyl-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-2-yl)-1,4-d ihydro-2,6- dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylate P-oxide correlated with the reversing of drug resistance by the analogues. Some newly synthesized pyridine analogues seemed to have lower calcium channel-blocking activity and more potent resistance-reversing ability than verapamil and other calcium channel blockers.