Novel keratin (KeraStat™) and polyurethane (Nanosan(R)-Sorb) biomaterials are hemostatic in a porcine lethal extremity hemorrhage model

Traumatic injury is the leading cause of death in people aged 44 or less in the US. It is also estimated that 82% of deaths from battlefield hemorrhage may be survivable with better treatment options. In this study, two biomaterial hemostats having disparate mechanisms were evaluated in a large anim...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of biomaterials applications Vol. 28; no. 6; p. 869
Main Authors Burnett, Luke R, Richter, Jillian G, Rahmany, Maria B, Soler, Roberto, Steen, Julie A, Orlando, Giuseppe, Abouswareb, Tamer, Van Dyke, Mark E
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England 01.02.2014
Subjects
Animals
Biocompatible Materials
Disease Models, Animal
Extremities - blood supply
Female
Hemorrhage - therapy
Hemostasis
Keratins
Polyurethanes
Swine
hemostat
Nanosan
swine model
arterial bleeding
KeraStat
Hemcon
Keratin biomaterials
hemorrhage
Online AccessGet more information

Cover

More Information
Summary:Traumatic injury is the leading cause of death in people aged 44 or less in the US. It is also estimated that 82% of deaths from battlefield hemorrhage may be survivable with better treatment options. In this study, two biomaterial hemostats having disparate mechanisms were evaluated in a large animal lethal hemorrhage model and compared to a commercial product and standard cotton gauze. We hypothesized that the biomaterial with a biologically active mechanism, as opposed to a mechanical mechanism, would be the most effective in this model. Using a published study protocol, the femoral artery in swine was punctured and treated. KeraStat™ (KeraNetics) and Nanosan®-Sorb (SNS Nano) hemostats were compared to a commercial chitosan dressing (second generation Hemcon®) and cotton gauze. Both KeraStat and Nanosan increased survival, significantly increased mean arterial pressure (MAP), and significantly decreased shock index compared to both controls. The Hemcon dressing was no different than gauze. Platelet adhesion assays suggested that the KeraStat mechanism of action involves β1 integrin mediated platelet adhesion while Nanosan-Sorb operates similar to one reported mechanism for Hemcon, absorbing fluid and concentrating clotting components. The Nanosan also swelled considerably and created pressure within the wound site even after direct pressure was removed.
ISSN:1530-8022
DOI:10.1177/0885328213484975