HIV epidemic, prevention technologies, and the new generations: trends and opportunities for epidemic response

• Published in: Cadernos de saúde pública Vol. 39; no. Suppl 1
• Main Authors: Grangeiro, Alexandre, Ferraz, Dulce, Magno, Laio, Zucchi, Eliana Miura, Couto, Márcia Thereza, Dourado, Ines
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz 08.12.2023
• Subjects: Debate
• ISSN: 0102-311X; 1678-4464
• DOI: 10.1590/0102-311XEN144223

The United Nations has underscored the possibility of ending the HIV epidemic as a public health problem. However, an increase in the incidence among adolescents and youth has indicated a greater distance between HIV responses and the specificities of the new generations, which can maintain the epidemic for an extended period. Regards this matter, it is debated that the provision of a range of preventive methods, even if highly effective, and a conservatism that has internalized stigma within government policies, hinder the proper and essential dialogue between current preventive policies and the needs of the new generations. These generations are marked by a social representation of AIDS as a mild disease, by new gender and sexuality performances, and by the search for a more critical role in affective and sexual encounters, which includes frequent use of dating apps and substances. The hierarchy of the delivery of prevention methods is presented as a proposal for a new policy, prioritizing pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and addressing the social determinants of the HIV epidemic, including strategies to mitigate stigma. The importance of the participation of adolescents and youth in constructing the policy and the need for an intersectoral response are also reinforced.