Pressure control and treatment interact in the deterioration of incidental visuospatial memory in hypertensive patients

• Published in: Archivos de cardiologia de Mexico Vol. 94; no. 1; p. 25
• Main Authors: López-Vázquez, Miguel A, Varela-Montes, Javier, Serrano-Corral, Martha L, Junco-Muñoz, Mariana L, Olvera-Cortés, Ma Esther
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Mexico 2024
• Subjects: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists - pharmacology; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists - therapeutic use; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors - therapeutic use; Antihypertensive Agents - therapeutic use; Blood Pressure; Female; Humans; Hypertension - complications; Hypertension - drug therapy; Hypertension - epidemiology; Hypertension; Memoria incidental; Incidental memory; Treatment; Memoria visuoespacial; Hipertensión; Tratamiento; Visuospatial memory
• ISSN: 1665-1731
• DOI: 10.24875/ACM.22000290

Systemic hypertension (SH) is the main risk factor to cognitive deterioration, whereas visuospatial memory is more vulnerable to ageing. Some antihypertensive agents have a neuroprotector effect, however, such effects could be masked by comorbidities and/or the lack of effective control on the arterial pressure of patients. To assess this, the evaluation of incidental visuospatial memory of SH patients and the relation to the treatment received and the effective control of pressure were made. 80 patients (46 woman) were included grouped by the received medication: angiotensin 2 receptor blockers (ARB) or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI). A multiple correlation analysis between visuospatial scores and clinical variables was made; also, a mixed model analysis (fixed factors: treatment, pressure control, diabetes comorbidity; aleatory factors: age, schooling, months from SH diagnoses). Half of the patients had a controlled pressure, from them the higher proportion received ARB, and a minor number of patients received ACEI. The normotensive patients receiving ACEI were inefficient whereas the hypertensive patients were more efficient. The systolic pressure was negatively related with the visuospatial scores in spite of no correlations occurred with MoCA and Raven tests. The visuospatial incidental/intentional scores were negatively correlated with systolic pressure. The efficiency in the visuospatial ability depends on the interaction of treatment and effective control of blood pressure. The interaction between treatment and effective pressure control must be taken in count when cognitive deterioration is studied.