Canonical effects of cytokines on glomerulonephritis: A new outlook in nephrology

Glomerulonephritis (GN) is an important cause of renal inflammation resulting from kidney-targeted adaptive and innate immune responses and consequent glomerular damage. Given the lack of autoantibodies, immune complexes, or the infiltrating immune cells in some forms of GN, for example, focal segme...

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Published inMedicinal research reviews
Main Authors Zununi Vahed, Sepideh, Hosseiniyan Khatibi, Seyed Mahdi, Ardalan, Mohammadreza
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States 20.08.2024
Subjects
Castleman's disease
POEM
COVID‐19
FSGS
TAFRO
haemophagocytic syndrome
minimal change disease
cytokine glomerulopathy
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Summary:Glomerulonephritis (GN) is an important cause of renal inflammation resulting from kidney-targeted adaptive and innate immune responses and consequent glomerular damage. Given the lack of autoantibodies, immune complexes, or the infiltrating immune cells in some forms of GN, for example, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and minimal change disease, along with paraneoplastic syndrome and a special form of renal involvement in some viral infections, the likeliest causative scenario would be secreted factors, mainly cytokine(s). Since cytokines can modulate the inflammatory mechanisms, severity, and clinical outcomes of GN, it is rational to consider the umbrella term of cytokine GN as a new outlook to reclassify a group of previously known GN. We focus here, particularly, on cytokines that have the central "canonical effect" in the development of GN.
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ISSN:1098-1128
1098-1128
DOI:10.1002/med.22074