Use of adipose tissue in regenerative medicine

• Published in: Transfusion clinique et biologique : journal de la Societe francaise de transfusion sanguine Vol. 18; no. 2; p. 124
• Main Authors: Casteilla, L, Planat-Benard, V, Bourin, P, Laharrague, P, Cousin, B
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: French
• Published: France 01.04.2011
• Subjects: Adipocytes - transplantation; Adipose Tissue - cytology; Animals; Cell Differentiation; Cell Lineage; Cell Separation; Clinical Trials as Topic; Crohn Disease - complications; Humans; Intestinal Fistula - etiology; Intestinal Fistula - surgery; Ischemia - surgery; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - cytology; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Regenerative Medicine - methods; Skull - injuries; Skull - surgery; Stromal Cells - cytology; Stromal Cells - transplantation; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 1953-8022
• DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2011.01.008

Adipose tissue is abundant and well known for its involvement in obesity and associated metabolic disorders. Its uses in regenerative medicine recently attracted many investigators, as large amounts of this tissue can be easily obtained using liposuction and it contains several populations of immature cells. The largest pool of such cells corresponds to immature stromal cells, called adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs). These cells are purified after proteolytic digestion of adipose tissue and selection by an adherent step. ADSCs display many common features with mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow, including paracrine activity, but with some specific features, among which a greater angiogenic potential. This potential is now investigating at clinical level to treat critical ischemic hindlimb by autologous cells. Other potentials are also investigated and the treatment of fistula associated or not with Crohn's disease is reaching now phase III level.