Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and cytomegalovirus pneumonia

• Published in: Archives de pédiatrie : organe officiel de la Société française de pédiatrie Vol. 11; no. 3; pp. 223 - 225
• Main Authors: Brayer, C, Bony, C, Salles, M, Sampériz, S, Pilorget, H, Attali, T, Alessandri, J L
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: French
• Published: France 01.03.2004
• Subjects: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia - complications; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia - diagnosis; Cytomegalovirus Infections - complications; Cytomegalovirus Infections - diagnosis; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases - diagnosis; Pneumonia, Viral - complications; Pneumonia, Viral - diagnosis
• ISSN: 0929-693X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2003.12.010

Hyaline membrane disease (HMD) of premature newborn can lead to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). We report the observation of a 33 weeks premature newborn with HMD, treated with exogenous surfactant and mechanical ventilation. The patient developed respiratory distress with oxygen dependency initially related to BPD. Because of worsening of respiratory condition after 2 months, despite corticosteroid therapy, further investigation was performed. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) was found in urine and in the pharynx and CMV-pneumonia was diagnosed. Treatment with gancyclovir allowed a rapid regression of symptoms. Association between BPD and CMV-pneumonia has been previously reported but the causal relationship is controversial. In premature newborn, CMV-pneumonia can appear clinically and radiologically like a BPD. When evolution is atypical, with persistence of respiratory distress despite BPD treatment, CMV-pneumonia must be considered as a specific antiviral therapy may be discussed.