The Effect of Various Doses of Oral Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Gut Microbiota in Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Double-blinded, Dose-response Study

• Published in: Anticancer research Vol. 40; no. 1; p. 551
• Main Authors: CHAROENNGAM, NIPITH, Shirvani, Arash, Kalajian, Tyler A, Song, Anjeli, Holick, Michael F
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Athens International Institute of Anticancer Research 01.01.2020
• Subjects: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D; Adults; Bacteria; Clinical outcomes; Clinical trials; Correlation analysis; Dietary supplements; Gene amplification; Gene sequencing; Gum disease; Gut microbiota; Immune response; Inflammatory bowel disease; Inflammatory bowel diseases; Intestinal microflora; Lymphocytes; Metabolic syndrome; Microbiota; Microorganisms; Obesity; Observational studies; Peptides; Relative abundance; rRNA 16S; Variance analysis; Vitamin D; Vitamin D3; Vitamin deficiency
• ISSN: 0250-7005; 1791-7530; 1791-7530
• DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.13984

Background/Aim: To investigate the effects of vitamin D3 supplementation on gut microbiota. Patients and Methods: Twenty adults with vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency [25(OH)D <30 ng/ml] were enrolled and given 600, 4,000 or 10,000 IUs/day of oral vitamin D3. Stool samples were collected at baseline and 8 weeks for identifying gut microbiota using 16S rRNA gene amplification and sequencing. Results: Baseline serum 25(OH)D was associated with increased relative abundance of Akkermansia and decreased relative abundance of Porphyromonas (p<0.05). After the intervention, we observed a dose-dependent increase in relative abundance of Bacteroides with a significant difference between the 600 IUs and the 10,000 IUs groups (p=0.027), and Parabacteroides with a significant difference between the 600 IUs and the 4,000 IUs groups (p=0.039). Conclusion: Increased serum 25(OH)D was associated with increased beneficial bacteria and decreased pathogenic bacteria. A dose-dependent increase in bacteria associated with decreased inflammatory bowel disease activity was observed after vitamin D3 supplementation.