不同覆盖方式对土壤水肥热状况以及玉米产量影响

• Published in: Guanʻgai paishui xuebao Vol. 39; no. 4; pp. 68 - 73
• Main Authors: MEI Siwei, 3, ZHU Hanzhen, WANG, Shu, YANG, Xiwen
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Chinese; English
• Published: Xinxiang City Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) Farmland Irrigation Research Institute Editorial Office of Journal of Irrigation and Drainage 01.04.2020; 河南农业职业学院,郑州451450; 沈阳农业大学农学院,沈阳 110866; 河南农业大学农学院,郑州 450003%河南农业职业学院,郑州,451450%沈阳农业大学农学院,沈阳,110866%河南农业大学农学院,郑州,450003
• Subjects: Agricultural ecosystems; Agricultural production; Biological effects; Biological properties; Burning; Cereal crops; Corn; Corn straw; Crop growth; Crop production; Crop yield; Cropping systems; Crops; Double cropping; Fertility; Fertilizers; Microorganisms; Moisture content; Mulching; Nutrient content; Nutrients; Organic matter; Phosphorus; Physical properties; Plastics; Polymer films; Potassium; Soil chemistry; Soil conservation; Soil erosion; Soil fertility; Soil improvement; Soil layers; Soil moisture; Soil nutrients; Soil organic matter; Soil pollution; Soil properties; Soil quality; Soil temperature; Soil water; Straw; Vegetables; Water conservation; Water content; Water use; Winter wheat; China; 土壤水分; 土壤养分; 产量; 玉米; 秸秆覆盖; 土壤温度
• ISSN: 1672-3317
• DOI: 10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2019190

【目的】阐明不同覆盖方式对调节土壤水肥热状况以及增加玉米产量的影响。【方法】设置地膜覆盖、玉米秸秆覆盖和不覆盖3种方式，研究了不同覆盖方式对土壤含水率、土壤养分、土壤温度与玉米产量的影响。【结果】在玉米的生长前、中期，秸秆覆盖与地膜覆盖处理的保墒效果均优于不覆盖处理，其中0～60 cm土层土壤含水率差异明显；玉米进入成熟期后，秸秆覆盖处理0～60 cm土层含水率显著高于地膜覆盖和不覆盖处理，平均高8.23%和22.41%。秸秆覆盖能够促进浅层土壤养分量的提高，相较于不覆盖，秸秆覆盖的速效钾与有效磷量分别增加了15.11%、85.13%；相比地膜覆盖和不覆盖，生长前期秸秆覆盖温度更高，生长期和成熟期秸秆覆盖温度更低。地膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖的玉米产量分别比不覆盖高24.02%、24.90%，差异显著（P＜0.05）。【结论】玉米秸秆覆盖能够提高土壤养分与水分，调节土壤温度，增加玉米产量。