Use of antihyperglycaemic therapy with cardiovascular benefit in patients with type 2 diabetes who require hospitalisation: A cross-sectional study

• Published in: Revista clínica espanõla
• Main Authors: Ena, J, Carretero-Gómez, J, Zapatero-Gaviria, A, Carrasco Sánchez, F J, Del Romero-Sánchez, M, González-Becerra, C, Blazquez-Encinar, J C, Iguzquiza-Pellejero, M J, de Escalante Yangüela, B, Gómez-Huelgas, R
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Spain 09.04.2020
• Subjects: Agonistas del péptido similar al glucagón tipo 1; Type 2 diabetes; Inhibidores del cotransportador sodio-glucosa 2; Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors; Diabetes tipo 2; Cardiovascular risk; Riesgo cardiovascular; Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists; Hospitalización; Hospitalisation
• ISSN: 1578-1860
• DOI: 10.1016/j.rce.2019.12.009

To evaluate the use of therapy with cardiovascular benefit in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to internal medicine departments. One day, cross-sectional study of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus hospitalised in internal medicine departments. We recorded demographic and anthropometric variables, laboratory data and use of antihyperglycaemic drugs. The endpoint was the proportion and determinants of the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA). We included 928 patients belonging to 74 hospitals, with a mean age of 78.9 years (SD, 10.86 years), 50% of whom were men. A total of 557 (60%) patients had ischaemic heart disease, 189 (20.4%) had cerebrovascular disease, 293 (31.6%) had heart failure, 274 (29.5%) had chronic kidney disease, and 129 (13.9%) had peripheral arterial disease. Prior to their hospital admission, the patients were taking sulfonylureas (5.7%), biguanides (49.1%), alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (0.2%), pioglitazone (0%), dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (39%), SGLT2i (5.8%), GLP1-RA (2.6%) and basal insulin analogues (24%). An age over 75 years was the main determinant for not taking SGLT2i (adjusted OR, 0.28; 95% CI 0.10-0.74; P=.039) or GLP1-RA (adjusted OR, 0.09; 95% CI 0.02-0.46; P=.006). A large proportion of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at very high cardiovascular risk are not treated with antihyperglycemic drugs with proven cardiovascular benefit. The most commonly used drugs were metformin and DPP4i. There is room for improvement in the treatment of this very high-risk population.