Alterations in CD4+, CD8+, V gamma 3, V gamma delta , and/or V alpha beta T-Lymphocyte Expression in Lymphoid Tissues of Progeny After In Utero Exposure to Benzo( alpha )pyrene

• Published in: Journal of immunotoxicology Vol. 5; no. 3; pp. 293 - 306
• Main Authors: Urso, P, Wirsiy, Y G, Zhang, W, Moolenaar-Wirsiy, P J
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 01.07.2008
• ISSN: 1547-691X; 1547-6901
• DOI: 10.1080/15376510802312324

That benzo〈 alpha )pyrene (B alpha P) decreases both humoral and cell-mediated immunity, and leads to increases in progeny tumor development after in utero insult, suggests that T- and B-lymphocytes are made defective in exposed offspring. In the study here, C3H mice were injected once with B alpha P (150 is a subset of g/g BW) at day 12 of pregnancy and progeny lymphoid tissues were excised during gestation (day 18; GD18) or at 1 or 6 weeks post-partum. The isolated lymphoid cells were analyzed by flow cytometry/immunofluorescence or assessed for function. In B alpha P-exposed fetuses, thymic Thy1+ cell levels were decreased (relative to levels in organs of corn oil-exposed dam progeny). In addition, for up to 6 weeks post-birth, CD4+CD8+ (double positive; DP) cells were virtually absent and levels of CD4-CD8- (double negative; DN) cells were consistently at epsilon 90%. With regard to single positive (SP) cells, CD4+ cell levels were also decreased in tissues at GD18 up through 6 weeks post-birth; CD8+ cell levels were increased, but only in pups at 1-week and 6-weeks post-birth. In 1-week-old progeny, spleen CD8+ cell levels were quantitatively unchanged, though CD4+ levels were reduced 2-4-fold and CD4-CD8- DN levels significantly increased. With respect to TCRs, fetal levels of thymic CD3V gamma 3+ and CD3V gamma delta + cells were decreased; levels of CD3V alpha beta cells were only slightly depressed. The latter results contrast sharply with a strong reduction in CD3V alpha beta cells in the fetal livers of B alpha P-exposed progeny. Interestingly, these livers also strongly evidenced a presence of B alpha P-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide metabolite. When assessed for any change in function, the CD4+, Thy1+ cells isolated from B alpha P-exposed progeny tissues responded weakly (relative to controls) to ConA and in an allogeneic MLR. Taken in totality, the results here strengthen our original hypothesis that B alpha P can create a favorable milieu for tumor growth progression in progeny of exposed mothers by affecting development of sufficient numbers of functional lymphocytes in the offspring.