Cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating skeletal muscle mass during strength training

Aims To describe the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying muscle hypertrophy in response to strength training. Current knowledge Recent works have delineated these cellular and molecular mechanisms. The fusion of satellite cells with pre-existing myofibers may be required for muscle hypertro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inScience & sports Vol. 21; no. 2; pp. 74 - 79
Main Author Freyssenet, D
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
French
Published 01.04.2006
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Summary:Aims To describe the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying muscle hypertrophy in response to strength training. Current knowledge Recent works have delineated these cellular and molecular mechanisms. The fusion of satellite cells with pre-existing myofibers may be required for muscle hypertrophy. Addition of new myonuclei to muscle fibers will ultimately increase the capacity of muscle fiber to express and synthesize muscle proteins. Regulation of the concentration of extracellular factors, such as insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), mecano-growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, and myostatin, can participate to the regulation of satellite cell activation and proliferation during heavy resistance exercise. IGF-1/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway also plays an important role by activating protein synthesis and by inhibiting protein degradation through the phosphorylation of Foxo family transcription factor. Conclusion The physiological significance of such a mechanism during strength training remains to determine.Original Abstract: Actualites Determiner les mecanismes cellulaires et moleculaires mis en jeu dans l'hypertrophie musculaire lors de l'entrainement en force. Donnees actuelles Des travaux recents permettent de definir les contours de ces mecanismes cellulaires et moleculaires. la fusion des cellules satellites avec des fibres musculaires preexistantes, en permettant d'accroitre la capacite d'expression et de synthese des proteines par la fibre musculaire, peut dans certaines circonstances participer au processus hypertrophique. Dans ce contexte, les facteurs extracellulaires, comme le facteur de croissance-1 apparente a l'insuline (IGF-1), le facteur de croissance mecanique, le facteur de croissance des hepatocytes, ou la myostatine, sont susceptibles de participer a la regulation de l'activation et de la proliferation des cellules satellites. la voie de signalisation IGF-1/PI3K/Akt joue egalement un role important en activant la synthese des proteines et en inhibant la degradation des proteines via la phosphorylation des facteurs de transcription de la famille Foxo. Conclusion la signification physiologique precise de ce dernier mecanisme lors d'un entrainement en force reste pour l'essentiel encore a determiner.
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ISSN:0765-1597
DOI:10.1016/j.scispo.2005.06.013