TILLAGE EFFECTS ON SOME PROPERTIES OF CHROMIC LUVISOL AND THE MAIZE CROP YIELD

Research was conducted in the South-Eastern area of Romania on a Chromic luvisol, following the influence of conventional soil tillage (CT - plowing at 20 cm) and minimum tillage (MT - chisel and disk) on some physical and chemical soil properties and on the development of crops. This paper covers s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inInternational Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference : SGEM Vol. 2; pp. 449 - 454
Main Authors Marin, Doru Ioan, Mihalache, Mircea, Rusu, Teodor, Ilie, Leonard, Ciontu, Costică
Format Conference Proceeding
LanguageEnglish
Published Sofia Surveying Geology & Mining Ecology Management (SGEM) 01.01.2016
Subjects
Agricultural production
Agriculture
Bulk density
Cereal crops
Climate
Climatic conditions
Corn
Crop development
Crop yield
Crops
Density
Grain
Influence
Physical characteristics
Physical properties
Plowing
Porosity
Precipitation
Rain
Rainfall
Rainfall regime
Soil
Soil analysis
Soil chemistry
Soil density
Soil erosion
Soil layers
Soil porosity
Soil properties
Tillage
Tillage effects
Water deficit
Romania
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Summary:Research was conducted in the South-Eastern area of Romania on a Chromic luvisol, following the influence of conventional soil tillage (CT - plowing at 20 cm) and minimum tillage (MT - chisel and disk) on some physical and chemical soil properties and on the development of crops. This paper covers some of the results obtained for the maize crop in 2014-2015. The climatic conditions are characterized by high a variability from the multiannual average, thus during the maize vegetation period the average temperature recorded values with 1.7-20C higher and rainfalls in 2014 were higher than the normal, instead in 2015 rainfall regime was distinguished by a pronounced water deficit, the amount of precipitation during April-August was 153 mm, representing 48.5% of the characteristic values of the area. The physical characteristics of the soil - bulk density, total porosity - were influenced by the degree of mobilization of the soil. The bulk density in April recorded values between 1.11 g.cm3 (for plowing at 20 cm in the soil layer 5-10 cm) and 1.46 g.cm3 (for disk in the soil layer 35-40 cm). The total porosity correlates inversely with bulk density values, fluctuating depending on the soil tillage and the analyzed soil layer between 56% and 42%. Maize grain yield was influenced by tillage system and climatic conditions, with values in 2014 ranging between 7683 and 6710 kg.ha-1, while in 2015 yield varied between 4521 and 4028 kg.ha-1, the maximum yield was obtain at the conventional soil tillage and the minimum yield level was recorded for disk. Grain hectolitre weight recorded values of 69.9 kg for CT and 68.7 kg for disk, while TGW had values lower with 2-4% for minimum tillage (chisel and disk). Soil tillage with chisel generated yield results close to plowing and had a favorable effect on soil properties.
ISSN:1314-2704