Late Hematoma After Feminizing Augmentation Mammoplasty Mimicking Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (BIA-ALCL)

• Published in: Eplasty Vol. 24; p. e32
• Main Authors: Ueno, Kazuki, Sakata, Yasuhiro, Kawaji, Mari, Miyasaka, Miwako, Asamura, Shinichi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States HMP Global 2024
• Subjects: Case Report; Mammoplasty; BIA-ALCL; Late Hematoma
• ISSN: 1937-5719; 1937-5719

We report the case of an Asian transgender patient with late hematoma after feminizing mammoplasty. Bilateral silicone breast implants were inserted into the patient 25 years previously. The right breast gradually became swollen without any specific cause, along with erythema and pain. Positron emission tomography showed right axillary lymphadenopathy. The mass and the axillary lymph node were surgically removed. Pathologic examination of the excised specimen revealed only hematoma formation and inflammatory granulation. At follow-up at 6 months postoperatively there was no reformation of hematoma. The presented symptoms are similar to those of breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma, so there can be difficulty in differentiating between these 2 complications. We compared the clinical characteristics between our case of late hematoma and reported breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma after feminizing mammoplasty. Life-threatening breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma should be ruled out from late hematoma according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network screening guidelines.