Wound healing following amniotic membrane, limbal stem cell and corneal transplantation

Knowledge of wound healing processes involved in amniotic membrane, limbal stem cell and corneal transplantation enables an assessment of clinical findings and a targeted treatment. The amniotic membrane serves as a basal membrane substrate or temporary transplant in corneal epithelial wound healing...

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Published inDer Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft Vol. 117; no. 12; p. 1163
Main Author Messmer, E M
Format Journal Article
LanguageGerman
Published Germany 01.12.2020
Subjects
Amnion - transplantation
Cell Transplantation
Corneal Diseases - surgery
Corneal Transplantation
Epithelium, Corneal
Humans
Limbus Corneae
Stem Cell Transplantation
Stem Cells
Wound Healing
Amniotic membrane
Limbal epithelial cells
Keratoplasty
Limbal stem cell deficiency
Limbal stem cell transplantation
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Summary:Knowledge of wound healing processes involved in amniotic membrane, limbal stem cell and corneal transplantation enables an assessment of clinical findings and a targeted treatment. The amniotic membrane serves as a basal membrane substrate or temporary transplant in corneal epithelial wound healing. It has an anti-inflammatory effect, supports corneal wound healing and counteracts scar formation. Amniotic membranes are integrated intraepithelially, subepithelially, or intrastromally in the course of healing. Limbal epithelial stem cells express multiple genes necessary for corneal wound healing. The rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y‑27632 can improve the proliferation of limbal epithelial cells and therefore represents a new therapeutic option for limbal stem cell deficiency. Wound healing following penetrating keratoplasty involves fibroblasts, type III and IV collagens, proteoglycans, and chondroitin-6-sulfate. A certain inflammatory reaction seems to be necessary for final corneal wound closure.
ISSN:1433-0423
DOI:10.1007/s00347-020-01211-5