State of the art in the diagnostics of hepatocellular carcinoma and current treatment options

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent primary hepatic malignancy and arises most often based on liver cirrhosis. Of the HCC 80-85% demonstrate a typical contrast medium behavior in imaging, characterized by arterial hypervascularization followed by wash-out in the portal or late venous...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inRadiologe Vol. 61; no. 2; p. 213
Main Authors Ringe, K I, Hinrichs, J B
Format Journal Article
LanguageGerman
Published Germany 01.02.2021
Subjects
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - diagnostic imaging
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - therapy
Chemoembolization, Therapeutic
Humans
Liver Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging
Liver Neoplasms - therapy
Liver Transplantation
Contrast medium
Diagnostic imaging
Treatment
Liver neoplasms
Liver transplantation
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Summary:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent primary hepatic malignancy and arises most often based on liver cirrhosis. Of the HCC 80-85% demonstrate a typical contrast medium behavior in imaging, characterized by arterial hypervascularization followed by wash-out in the portal or late venous phase. This specific contrast behavior is diagnostic for HCC in patients at risk. The use of liver-specific contrast agents increases the sensitivity for diagnosis of HCC and can facilitate the differentiation from other liver lesions. At initial diagnosis approximately 50% of HCC are solitary, 40% multifocal and 10% diffuse. Depending on the tumor extent and stage, therapeutic options in patients with HCC include local treatment (resection, ablation, radiation, liver transplantation), locoregional measures (transarterial chemoembolization, selective internal radiotherapy) or systemic therapy (including immunotherapy), either as a stand-alone procedure or in various combinations.
ISSN:1432-2102
DOI:10.1007/s00117-020-00798-9