Clinical features, management and outcomes of patients with sterile endophthalmitis associated with intravitreal injection of antivascular endothelial growth factor

• Published in: Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmología (English ed.) Vol. 95; no. 5; pp. 211 - 216
• Main Authors: Gil-Martínez, M, Rodríguez-Cid, M J, Fenández-Rodríguez, M I, Blanco-Teijero, M J, Abraldes, M J, Bandín Vilar, E, Zarra-Ferro, I, González-Barcia, M, Gómez-Ulla, F, Fernández-Ferreiro, A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English; Spanish
• Published: 01.05.2020
• ISSN: 2173-5794
• DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2020.01.019

PURPOSEAnalyze clinical features, management and outcomes of patients with sterile endophthalmitis associated with intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor. METHODSObservational retrospective case series of patients with sterile endophthalmitis following anti-VEGF intravitreal injections. Clinical data of patients treated with intravitreal anti-VEGFs during one year have been revised. Those who have presented an episode of sterile endophthalmitis are analyzed and their causality and management are studied. RESULTSSeven patients have had a sterile endophthalmitis onset within 4days after intravitreal injection (aflibercept n=5 and ranibizumab n=2). These patients have some active neovascular condition: age related macular degeneration (n=4), myopic choroidal neovascularization (n=1) or macular edema: diabetic macular edema (n=1), branch retinal vein occlusion (n=1). Shared signs and symptoms included painless vision loss, anterior chamber and vitreous cell and lack of hypopyon. In all patients, visual acuity returned to within one line of baseline acuity. CONCLUSIONDifferentiating cases of sterile from infectious endophthalmitis may be challenging. It is crucial to differentiate both entities as a good diagnosis determines the visual prognosis. We should be aware of minimal inflammation after repeated intravitreal injections in order to establish the adequate treatment.