기능성식품으로서 마늘의 혈압 개선 기능성 평가: 마늘건조분말의 준건강인 대상 연구에 대한 메타분석

• Published in: Journal of nutrition and health Vol. 54; no. 5; pp. 459 - 473
• Main Authors: 곽진숙(Jin Sook Kwak), 김지연(Ji Yeon Kim)
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Korean
• Published: 한국영양학회 2021
• Subjects: 생활과학; meta-analysis; garlic; Allium sativum; blood pressures
• ISSN: 2288-3886; 2288-3959
• DOI: 10.4163/jnh.2021.54.5.459

Purpose: Although numerous systematic reviews or meta-analysis have reported the hypotensive effects of garlic, the application of these results in the area of functional food is limited. This is because the trials used various garlic preparations and patients with differing hypertensive intensities. To validate the use of garlic powder as a blood pressure lowering functional food, we performed the current meta-analysis, focusing on the study of prehypertensive subjects. Methods: Literature search was carried out using various database up to July 2020, including PubMed, Cochrane, ScienceDirect and Korean studies Information Service System, and each study was screened by pre-stated inclusion/exclusion criteria. We identified nine trials that met the eligibility, of which two studies with moderate or high risk of bias were excluded. Results: Meta-analysis of the seven studies revealed that an intake of garlic powder significantly lowered the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by -6.0 mmHg (95% confidence interval [CI], -11.2, -0.8; p = 0.025) and -2.7 mmHg (95% CI, -5.3, -0.1; p = 0.046), respectively. Shapes of the funnel plot for both SBP and DBP seemed symmetrical, and the Egger's regression revealed no publication bias. Moreover, duration of the intervention period was inversely associated with the pooled effects of garlic powder on SBP (p = 0.019) and DBP (p = 0.019), and this result was supported by the subgroup-analysis. The daily dose of garlic powder, baseline value of each biomarker, and subject number, did not moderate the effects on SBP and DBP. Conclusion: Results of the present meta-analysis indicate that garlic powder supplements are superior to placebo for improving the BP in prehypertensive individuals. 마늘건조분말을 준건강인이 섭취하였을 때 혈압 개선 효과가 있는지를 평가하기 위하여 메타 분석 기법으로 평가를 수행하였다. 2020년 7월까지 총 3,203건의 자료를 검색하여, 미리 계획한 선정 기준 및 제외 기준에 따라 선별한 결과 총 9건의 연구가 분석에 포함되었다. 편향 위험이 중등도 이상인 2건을 제외하고 총 7건의 연구를 포함하여 분석 결과, 마늘건조분말의 섭취는 수축기혈압 및 이완기혈압을 각각 -6.0 mmHg, -2.7 mmHg 수준으로 대조군 대비 유의하게 개선시키는 것으로 분석되었다.