바이오차를 이용한 밭 토양 탄소 저장: 동아시아 지역 연구 리뷰 및 데이터 분석

• Published in: Hanguk hwangyeong nonghak hoeji Vol. 40; no. 3; pp. 219 - 230
• Main Authors: 이선일, Sun-il Lee, 강성수, Seong-soo Kang, 최은정, Eun-jung Choi, 권효숙, Hyo-suk Gwon, 이형석, Hyoung-Seok Lee, 이종문, Jong-Mun Lee, 임상선, Sang-sun Lim, 최우정, Woo-jung Choi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Korean
• Published: 한국환경농학회 30.09.2021
• Subjects: Biochar; Carbon Storage; Climate Change; Low Carbon Agriculture; 농학; Low Carbon Agriculture; Climate Change; Biochar; Carbon Storage
• ISSN: 1225-3537; 2233-4173
• DOI: 10.5338/KJEA.2021.40.3.26

BACKGROUND: Biochar is a solid material converted from agricultural biomass such as crop residues and pruning branch through pyrolysis under limited oxygen supply. Biochar consists of non-degradable carbon (C) double bonds and aromatic ring that are not readily broken down by microbial degradation in the soils. Due to the recalcitrancy of C in biochar, biochar application to the soils is of help in enhancing soil carbon sequestration in arable lands that might be a strategy of agricultural sector to mitigate climate change. METHODS AND RESULTS: Data were collected from studies on the effect of biochar application on soil C content conducted in East Asian countries including China, Japan and Korea under different experimental conditions (incubation, column, pot, and field). The magnitude of soil C storage was positively correlated (p < 0.001) with biochar application rate under field conditions, reflecting accumulation of recalcitrant black C in the biochar. However, The changes in soil C contents per C input from biochar (% per t/ha) were 6.80 in field condition, and 12.58 in laboratory condition. The magnitude of increment of soil C was lower in field than in laboratory conditions due to potential loss of C through weathering of biochar under field conditions. Biochar production condition also affected soil C increment; more C increment was found with biochar produced at a high temperature (over 450℃). CONCLUSION: This review suggests that biochar application is a potential measures of C sequestration in agricultural soils. However, as the increment of soil C biochar was affected by biochar types, further studies are necessary to find better biochar types for enhanced soil C storage.