소년범죄자의 사회복귀지원에 관한 검토 -일본 소년원법과 소년감별소법을 중심으로

• Published in: 소년보호연구 Vol. 31; no. 1; pp. 125 - 156
• Main Authors: 배상균, Bae Sang-kyun
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Korean
• Published: 한국소년정책학회 28.02.2018
• Subjects: Juvenile Classification Home Act; Juvenile Delinquency; Juvenile Protection; Juvenile Training School Act; Prevention of Repeated Crime; Social Rehabilitation Support; 법학; 사회복귀지원; 소년범죄자; 소년보호; 일본 소년원법·소년감별소법; 재범방지
• ISSN: 1598-8163; 2734-0414
• DOI: 10.35930/KJPR.31.1.5

In recent years, juvenile offenses have been decreasing in Korea and Japan, but the recidivism rate is high enough to reach about 40%. The government of Japan is systematically advancing the preventing recidivism against juvenile offenders as the main policy task. In connection with this, in June 2014 the new Juvenile Training Schools Act (Act No. 58 of 2014) and the Juvenile Classification Homes Act (Act No. 59 of 2014) were enacted, and through this, we are promoting smooth social rehabilitation support to a juvenile. The preventing recidivism matters have been conducted under these new laws: For example, (i) to conduct assessment of juveniles based on professional knowledge and skills, (ii) to conduct observation and protection of juvenile committed to the homes for their sound development, and (iii) to provide support within the local community to prevent juvenile delinquency and crime. In this way, Japan has strengthened its treatment to support the smooth rehabilitation of juveniles through the establishment of the new Juvenile Training Schools Act and the Juvenile Classification Homes Act. Also, recent trends in juvenile policy in Japan are not only treatments that respect juvenile's intent and personality, but also, for the purpose of supporting smooth rehabilitation, securing housing for juveniles and finding employment. This is based on the result of investigating how securing of housing and finding employment affect the decline of the recidivism rate in juveniles.