Determination of Textural Properties Test Foods for Measurement of Masticatory Ability

• Published in: Journal of Japanese Society for Mastication Science and Health Promotion Vol. 12; no. 1; pp. 49 - 55
• Main Authors: HIRANO Kei, HIRANO Sigezo, HAYAKAWA Iwao
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English; Japanese
• Published: 特定非営利活動法人 日本咀嚼学会 2002; Japanese Society for Mastication Science and Health Promotion
• ISSN: 0917-8090; 1884-4448
• DOI: 10.14858/soshaku1991.12.49

The purpose of this study was to determine the appropriate textural property of test food for evaluation masticatory ability. Three test foods with different physical properties were made of silicone rubber and petrolatumes. Masticatory efficiency of ten dentate subjects was measured using a sieving method with the test foods. Masticatory efficiency was analyzed using one-way ANOVA with test foods, and then subject to post-hoc analysis. Correlation coefficients between occlusal contact area and occlusal force, and masticatory efficiency were calculated for each test food.A significant difference was found among test foods on masticatory efficiency (p<0.01). High masticatory efficiency was obtained when a test food with large elastic modulus was used. Masticatory efficiency was also influenced by occlusal contact area when a test food with small displacement at the breaking point was used. It was concluded that the relation between masticatory efficiency and the texture of test food was clearly observed. It was also suggested that an appropriate texture of test food for evaluation of masticatory ability would exist. Moreover, a significant correlation was found between masticatory efficiency and occlusal contact area for one test food with a smallest displacement at a breaking point. 本研究の目的は咀嚼能力を評価するのに適した試験試料のテクスチャーの同定を試みることである. 異なるテクスチャーを持つ3種類の試験試料をシリコーンにより製作した. 10名の被験者に対して篩分法を用いた咀嚼効率の評価を行い, さらに口腔内の咬合接触面積, 咬合力と咀嚼効率との関連を検討した. 咀嚼効率には一元配置分散分析を行い, その後多重比較を行なった. 咬合接触面積, 咬合力と咀嚼効率間の相関係数をそれぞれの試験試料において算出した.咀嚼効率において試験試料間に有意差が認められた. 大きな弾性係数を持った試料ほど, 高い咀嚼効率を示した. 咀嚼効率は咬合接触面積にも影響を受け, それは破断時の歪が小さな試料に認められた.結論として, 咀嚼効率と試験試料の力学特性間に明らかな関連が認められた. 咀嚼能力の評価に適した試験試料のテクスチャーの存在も示唆された. さらに, 破断時の歪の最も大きい試験試料において咀嚼効率と咬合接触面積の間に有意な相関が認められた.