Unwilling U-U bonding in U2@C80: cage-driven metal-metal bonds in di-uranium fullerenes

• Published in: Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP Vol. 17; no. 37; pp. 24182 - 24192
• Main Authors: Foroutan-Nejad, Cina, Vícha, Jan, Marek, Radek, Patzschke, Michael, Straka, Michal
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England 07.10.2015
• ISSN: 1463-9084
• DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04280a

Endohedral actinide fullerenes are rare and a little is known about their molecular properties. Here we characterize the U2@C80 system, which was recently detected experimentally by means of mass spectrometry (Akiyama et al., JACS, 2001, 123, 181). Theoretical calculations predict a stable endohedral system, (7)U2@C80, derived from the C80:7 IPR fullerene cage, with six unpaired electrons. Bonding analysis reveals a double ferromagnetic (one-electron-two-center) U-U bond at an rU-U distance of 3.9 Å. This bonding is realized mainly via U(5f) orbitals. The U-U interaction inside the cage is estimated to be about -18 kcal mol(-1). U-U bonding is further studied along the U2@Cn (n = 60, 70, 80, 84, 90) series and the U-U bonds are also identified in U2@C70 and U2@C84 systems at rU-U∼ 4 Å. It is found that the character of U-U bonding depends on the U-U distance, which is dictated by the cage type. A concept of unwilling metal-metal bonding is suggested: uranium atoms are strongly bound to the cage and carry a positive charge. Pushing the U(5f) electron density into the U-U bonding region reduces electrostatic repulsion between enclosed atoms, thus forcing U-U bonds.