斜面での雨水流出経路が源流域河川の溶存有機炭素濃度−流量関係に与える影響
雨水の流出経路が源流域河川の溶存有機炭素（DOC）濃度と流量の関係（C-Q関係）に及ぼす影響を明らかにするとともに，DOC濃度の推定手法について検討した．斜面下端をソースとする飽和地表流（SOF）が卓越する場合，C-Q関係は強い正の相関関係を示した．他方，斜面上方をソースとする飽和地中流（SSF）が卓越する場合，C-Q関係は極めて弱い正の相関関係を示し，さらに，線形回帰式の傾きは前者の約4%と著しく小さかった．同一出水内において流出経路がSOFからSSFへと変化すると，DOC濃度はSOF卓越時の線形回帰式による予測値よりも低くなった．以上より，SSFの発生は河川水のDOC濃度に対して希釈作用を...
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| Published in | 土木学会論文集Ｇ Vol. 65; no. 1; pp. 37 - 43 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Japanese |
| Published |
公益社団法人 土木学会
2009
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| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1880-6082 |
| DOI | 10.2208/jscejg.65.37 |
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| Abstract | 雨水の流出経路が源流域河川の溶存有機炭素（DOC）濃度と流量の関係（C-Q関係）に及ぼす影響を明らかにするとともに，DOC濃度の推定手法について検討した．斜面下端をソースとする飽和地表流（SOF）が卓越する場合，C-Q関係は強い正の相関関係を示した．他方，斜面上方をソースとする飽和地中流（SSF）が卓越する場合，C-Q関係は極めて弱い正の相関関係を示し，さらに，線形回帰式の傾きは前者の約4%と著しく小さかった．同一出水内において流出経路がSOFからSSFへと変化すると，DOC濃度はSOF卓越時の線形回帰式による予測値よりも低くなった．以上より，SSFの発生は河川水のDOC濃度に対して希釈作用を持つと解釈できた．DOC濃度の推定式を得るには雨水の流出経路の違いによってC-Q関係が異なることに着目して解析すべきである． |
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| AbstractList | 雨水の流出経路が源流域河川の溶存有機炭素（DOC）濃度と流量の関係（C-Q関係）に及ぼす影響を明らかにするとともに，DOC濃度の推定手法について検討した．斜面下端をソースとする飽和地表流（SOF）が卓越する場合，C-Q関係は強い正の相関関係を示した．他方，斜面上方をソースとする飽和地中流（SSF）が卓越する場合，C-Q関係は極めて弱い正の相関関係を示し，さらに，線形回帰式の傾きは前者の約4%と著しく小さかった．同一出水内において流出経路がSOFからSSFへと変化すると，DOC濃度はSOF卓越時の線形回帰式による予測値よりも低くなった．以上より，SSFの発生は河川水のDOC濃度に対して希釈作用を持つと解釈できた．DOC濃度の推定式を得るには雨水の流出経路の違いによってC-Q関係が異なることに着目して解析すべきである． |
| Author | 西田, 継 芳賀, 弘和 坂本, 康 |
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| References | 2) Reuter, J.H. and Perdue, E.M.: Importance of heavy metal-organic matter interactions in natural waters, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, Vol.41, pp.325-334, 1977. 21) Haga, H., Matsumoto, Y., Matsutani, J., Fujita, M., Nishida, K. and Sakamoto, Y.: Flow paths, rainfall properties, and antecedent soil moisture controlling lags to peak discharge in a granitic unchanneled catchment, Water Resour. Res., Vol.41, W12410, doi:10.1029/2005WR004236, 2005. 15) Honrberger, G.M., Bencala, K.E. and McKnight, D.M.: Hydrological controls on dissolved organic carbon during snowmelt in the Snake River near Montezuma, Colorado, Biogeochemistry, Vol.25, pp.147-165, 1994. 10) Soulsby, C.: Contrasts in storm event hydrochemistry in an acidic afforested catchment in upland Wales, J. Hydrol., Vol.170, pp.159-179, 1995. 12) Hinton, M.J., Schiff, S.L. and English, M.C.: Sources and flowpaths of dissolved organic carbon during storms in two forested watersheds of the Precambrian Shield, Biogeochemistry, Vol.41, pp.175-197, 1998. 5) 武田育郎：水と水質環境の基礎知識，オーム社，pp.1-59, 2001. 7) Brooks, P.D., McKnight, D.M. and Bencala, K.E.: The relationship between soil heterotrophic activity, soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) leachate, and catchment-scale DOC export in headwater catchments, Water Resour. Res., Vol.35, pp.1895-1902, 1999. 25) McGlynn, B.L. and McDonnell, J.J.: Quantifying the relative contributions of riparian and hillslope zones to catchment runoff, Water Resour. Res., Vol.39, 1310, doi:10.1029/2003WR002091, 2003 16) McKnight, D.M., Hornberger, G.M., Bencala, K.E. and Boyer, E.W.: In-stream sorption of fulvic acid in an acidic stream: A stream-scale transport experiment, Water Resour. Res., Vol.38, 1005, doi:10.1029/2001WR000269, 2002. 24) 芳賀弘和，西田, 継，藤田昌史，坂本康：斜面流出水の降雨−流出応答特性に基づく河川水形成機構の検討，水工学論文集，Vol.50, pp.331-336, 2006. 9) Hinton, M.J., Schiff, S.L. and English, M.C.: The significance of storms for the concentration and export of dissolved organic carbon from two Precambrian Shield catchments, Biogeochemistry, Vol.36, pp.67-88, 1997. 23) 芳賀弘和，西田, 継，坂本康：出水時における森林河川の溶存有機炭素濃度と斜面の水文過程，水環境学会誌，Vol.30, pp.657-660, 2007. 14) Eckhardt, B.W. and Moore, T.R.: Controls on dissolved organic carbon concentrations in streams, southern Québec, Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., Vol.47, pp.1537-1544, 1990. 19) Bishop, K., Seibert, J., Köhler, S. and Laudon, H.: Resolving the double paradox of rapidly mobilized old water with highly variable responses in runoff chemistry, Hydrol. Process., Vol.18, pp.185-189, 2004. 6) Temnerud, J. and Bishop, K.: Spatial variation of streamwater chemistry in two Swedish boreal catchments: Implications for environmental assessment, Environ. Sci. Technol., Vol.39, pp.1463-1469, 2005. 17) Butturini, A., Bernal, S. and Sabater, F.: Modeling storm events to investigate the influence of the stream-catchment interface zone on stream biogeochemistry, Water Resour. Res., Vol.41, W08418, doi:10.1029/2004WR003842, 2005. 22) 芳賀弘和，西田, 継，藤田昌史，坂本康：河畔湿地表流水の硝酸態窒素と溶存有機炭素の濃度変化に対する表層土壌水の寄与，水環境学会誌，Vol.30, pp.213-218, 2007. 18) Boyer, E.W., Hornberger, G.M., Bencala, K.E. and McKnight, D.M.: Effects of asynchronous snowmelt on flushing of dissolved organic carbon: a mixing model approach, Hydrol. Process., Vol.14, pp.3291-3308, 2000. 26) Grieve, I.C.: Concentrations and annual loading of dissolved organic matter in a small moorland stream, Freshwater Biol., Vol.14, pp.533-537, 1984. 4) Thurman, E.M.: Organic geochemistry of natural waters, Kluwer Academic Pub., pp.406-423, 1985. 11) Cooper, D.M. and Watts, C.D.: A comparison of river load estimation techniques: application to dissolved organic carbon, Environmetrics, Vol.13, pp.733-750, 2002. 1) Fisher, S.G. and Likens, G.E.: Energy flow in Bear Brook, New Hampshire: An integrative approach to stream ecosystem metabolism, Ecological Monographs, Vol.43, pp.421-439, 1979. 13) Meyer, J.L. and Tate, C.M.: The effects of watershed disturbance on dissolved organic carbon dynamics of a stream, Ecology, Vol.64, pp.33-44, 1983. 20) McGlynn, B.L. and McDonnell, J.J.: Role of discrete landscape units in controlling catchment dissolved organic carbon dynamics, Water Resour. Res., Vol.39, 1090, doi:10.1029/2002WR001525, 2003. 8) Dillon, P.J. and Malot, L.A.: Effect of landscape form on export of dissolved organic carbon, iron, and phosphorus from forested stream catchments, Water Resour. Res., Vol.33, pp.2591-2600, 1997. 3) Oliver, B.E., Thurman, E.M. and Malcolm, R.L.: The contribution of humic substances to the acidity of colored natural waters, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, Vol.47, pp.2031-2035, 1983. |
| References_xml | – reference: 22) 芳賀弘和，西田, 継，藤田昌史，坂本康：河畔湿地表流水の硝酸態窒素と溶存有機炭素の濃度変化に対する表層土壌水の寄与，水環境学会誌，Vol.30, pp.213-218, 2007. – reference: 10) Soulsby, C.: Contrasts in storm event hydrochemistry in an acidic afforested catchment in upland Wales, J. Hydrol., Vol.170, pp.159-179, 1995. – reference: 21) Haga, H., Matsumoto, Y., Matsutani, J., Fujita, M., Nishida, K. and Sakamoto, Y.: Flow paths, rainfall properties, and antecedent soil moisture controlling lags to peak discharge in a granitic unchanneled catchment, Water Resour. Res., Vol.41, W12410, doi:10.1029/2005WR004236, 2005. – reference: 4) Thurman, E.M.: Organic geochemistry of natural waters, Kluwer Academic Pub., pp.406-423, 1985. – reference: 12) Hinton, M.J., Schiff, S.L. and English, M.C.: Sources and flowpaths of dissolved organic carbon during storms in two forested watersheds of the Precambrian Shield, Biogeochemistry, Vol.41, pp.175-197, 1998. – reference: 15) Honrberger, G.M., Bencala, K.E. and McKnight, D.M.: Hydrological controls on dissolved organic carbon during snowmelt in the Snake River near Montezuma, Colorado, Biogeochemistry, Vol.25, pp.147-165, 1994. – reference: 2) Reuter, J.H. and Perdue, E.M.: Importance of heavy metal-organic matter interactions in natural waters, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, Vol.41, pp.325-334, 1977. – reference: 7) Brooks, P.D., McKnight, D.M. and Bencala, K.E.: The relationship between soil heterotrophic activity, soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) leachate, and catchment-scale DOC export in headwater catchments, Water Resour. Res., Vol.35, pp.1895-1902, 1999. – reference: 9) Hinton, M.J., Schiff, S.L. and English, M.C.: The significance of storms for the concentration and export of dissolved organic carbon from two Precambrian Shield catchments, Biogeochemistry, Vol.36, pp.67-88, 1997. – reference: 23) 芳賀弘和，西田, 継，坂本康：出水時における森林河川の溶存有機炭素濃度と斜面の水文過程，水環境学会誌，Vol.30, pp.657-660, 2007. – reference: 16) McKnight, D.M., Hornberger, G.M., Bencala, K.E. and Boyer, E.W.: In-stream sorption of fulvic acid in an acidic stream: A stream-scale transport experiment, Water Resour. Res., Vol.38, 1005, doi:10.1029/2001WR000269, 2002. – reference: 17) Butturini, A., Bernal, S. and Sabater, F.: Modeling storm events to investigate the influence of the stream-catchment interface zone on stream biogeochemistry, Water Resour. Res., Vol.41, W08418, doi:10.1029/2004WR003842, 2005. – reference: 26) Grieve, I.C.: Concentrations and annual loading of dissolved organic matter in a small moorland stream, Freshwater Biol., Vol.14, pp.533-537, 1984. – reference: 13) Meyer, J.L. and Tate, C.M.: The effects of watershed disturbance on dissolved organic carbon dynamics of a stream, Ecology, Vol.64, pp.33-44, 1983. – reference: 1) Fisher, S.G. and Likens, G.E.: Energy flow in Bear Brook, New Hampshire: An integrative approach to stream ecosystem metabolism, Ecological Monographs, Vol.43, pp.421-439, 1979. – reference: 18) Boyer, E.W., Hornberger, G.M., Bencala, K.E. and McKnight, D.M.: Effects of asynchronous snowmelt on flushing of dissolved organic carbon: a mixing model approach, Hydrol. Process., Vol.14, pp.3291-3308, 2000. – reference: 25) McGlynn, B.L. and McDonnell, J.J.: Quantifying the relative contributions of riparian and hillslope zones to catchment runoff, Water Resour. Res., Vol.39, 1310, doi:10.1029/2003WR002091, 2003 – reference: 11) Cooper, D.M. and Watts, C.D.: A comparison of river load estimation techniques: application to dissolved organic carbon, Environmetrics, Vol.13, pp.733-750, 2002. – reference: 3) Oliver, B.E., Thurman, E.M. and Malcolm, R.L.: The contribution of humic substances to the acidity of colored natural waters, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, Vol.47, pp.2031-2035, 1983. – reference: 8) Dillon, P.J. and Malot, L.A.: Effect of landscape form on export of dissolved organic carbon, iron, and phosphorus from forested stream catchments, Water Resour. Res., Vol.33, pp.2591-2600, 1997. – reference: 14) Eckhardt, B.W. and Moore, T.R.: Controls on dissolved organic carbon concentrations in streams, southern Québec, Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., Vol.47, pp.1537-1544, 1990. – reference: 20) McGlynn, B.L. and McDonnell, J.J.: Role of discrete landscape units in controlling catchment dissolved organic carbon dynamics, Water Resour. Res., Vol.39, 1090, doi:10.1029/2002WR001525, 2003. – reference: 6) Temnerud, J. and Bishop, K.: Spatial variation of streamwater chemistry in two Swedish boreal catchments: Implications for environmental assessment, Environ. Sci. Technol., Vol.39, pp.1463-1469, 2005. – reference: 24) 芳賀弘和，西田, 継，藤田昌史，坂本康：斜面流出水の降雨−流出応答特性に基づく河川水形成機構の検討，水工学論文集，Vol.50, pp.331-336, 2006. – reference: 5) 武田育郎：水と水質環境の基礎知識，オーム社，pp.1-59, 2001. – reference: 19) Bishop, K., Seibert, J., Köhler, S. and Laudon, H.: Resolving the double paradox of rapidly mobilized old water with highly variable responses in runoff chemistry, Hydrol. Process., Vol.18, pp.185-189, 2004. |
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| Title | 斜面での雨水流出経路が源流域河川の溶存有機炭素濃度−流量関係に与える影響 |
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