機能的MRIからみた神経・精神疾患:パーキンソン病と呼吸困難感

• Published in: 認知神経科学 Vol. 24; no. 2; pp. 37 - 40
• Main Author: 谷脇, 考恭
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Japanese
• Published: 認知神経科学会 2023
• Subjects: 呼吸困難感; 基底核; 小脳; 機能的MRI
• ISSN: 1344-4298; 1884-510X
• DOI: 10.11253/ninchishinkeikagaku.24.37

The basal ganglia and cerebellar loops are known to participate differently in self-initiated （SI） and externally triggered （ET） movements.　However, no previous neuroimaging studies have illustrated functional organization of these loops in vivo.　Here, we aimed to functionally visualize these loops during motor execution （performing five different frequencies of sequential left finger movements using either self-initiated （SI） or externally triggered （ET） movements） using functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） with structural equation modeling （SEM）.　In the young normal volunteer, SEM showed significant interactions within the right basal ganglia-thalamo-motor （BGTM） loop during SI tasks, while that within the right cerebral hemisphere- left cerebellar loop by ET tasks.　Normal aged subjects represent decreased connectivity within BGTM loop compared with young volunteer.　The patients with Parkinson’s disease much more reduced connectivity within BGTM loop.　Thus, our approach enables us to describe the connectivity within BGTM loop in vivo.Several studies have mapped brain regions associated with respiratory control and respiratory perception.　However, its effect to resting state networks is unknown.　Our objective was to determine the resting state networks during mild dyspnea.　Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data was collected for 37 healthy volunteer with or without mild dyspnea induced by resistive load.　Functional connectivity （FC） was analyzed using Statistical Parametric Mapping 12, the CONN toolbox and whole brain ROI-to-ROI analysis with cluster level-comparison.　Respiratory score showed that some participants felt dyspnea only with resistive load and others complained dyspnea at both conditions.　The former represented increase of FCs between the motor cortex/salience network and visual cortex, while the latter indicated enhanced FCs between the orbito-frontal cortex and posterior temporal gyrus.　These results suggest the heterogeneity of healthy volunteer against mild dyspnea.