Roles of niobium in the dehydrogenation of propane to propylene over a Pt/Nb-modified Al2O3 catalyst

• Published in: New journal of chemistry Vol. 44; no. 46; pp. 20115 - 20121
• Main Authors: Zhao, Tianhao, Shen, Shanshan, Jia, Yanyan, Chih-Wen Pao, Jeng-Lung, Chen, Guo, Yong, Liu, Xiaohui, Dai, Sheng, Wang, Yanqin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English; Japanese
• Published: Cambridge Royal Society of Chemistry 01.01.2020
• Subjects: Aluminum oxide; Ammonia; Carbon monoxide; Catalysts; Chemisorption; Covalent bonds; Dehydrogenation; Electron density; Fixed bed reactors; Fixed beds; Lewis acid; Niobium oxides; Photoelectrons; Platinum; Propane; Propylene; Regeneration; Selectivity; Spectrum analysis; Stability; X ray absorption; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
• ISSN: 1144-0546; 1369-9261
• DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04663a

The application of Pt-based catalysts in propane dehydrogenation (PDH) is restricted by low propylene selectivity, metal sintering and carbon deposition. It has been reported that the performance of catalysts is strongly related to the electronic and geometric properties of the Pt particles and the acidity of the support. Herein, we report that a niobium-modified alumina supported platinum catalyst exhibits high propylene selectivity and superior stability. A high conversion of 28.8% and a high propylene selectivity above 96% are achieved over the Pt/Nb1Al2-O catalyst for propane dehydrogenation at 600 °C after 8 h in a fixed bed reactor. Consecutive dehydrogenation–regeneration operations showed that the stability of Pt/Nb1Al2-O was much higher than that of Pt/Al2O3. NH3-TPD revealed that the strong acidity is decreased, while the medium acidity is increased after introducing niobium into Al2O3, which may be attributed to the formation of new acid sites, probably Lewis acid sites from niobium oxide species. CO-adsorbed FTIR spectroscopy, CO chemisorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) results revealed the enhancement of electron density and the decrease of dispersion of Pt particles after the introduction of Nb, which is beneficial for inhibiting the by-reactions (carbon formation and C–C bond cleavage).