気道における神経ペプチド 気管支喘息の病態への関与の可能性
脳内に存在する生理活性ペプチド(神経ペプチド)は, 近年, その多くが腸管ないしその誘導器官に共通して存在することが明らかにされ, 脳一腸管ペプチドとよばれるようになった. 自律神経系においても, アセチルコリン, ノルアドレナリン, アドレナリン, ドーパミンといった古典的な神経伝達物質に加え, 神経ペプチドの神経伝達物質としての役割が注目されている(表1). 気管-気管支系は, 発生学的に前腸より生ずるため, 胃腸管と同様, 気道における神経ペプチドの役割は, 興味あるところである. 事実, 種々の神経ペプチドが気道にも存在することが明らかにされ1), 気管支平滑筋に対する作用, 気管支腺...
Saved in:
| Published in | 炎症 Vol. 9; no. 1; pp. 17 - 23 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Japanese |
| Published |
日本炎症・再生医学会
1989
日本炎症学会 |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0389-4290 1884-4006 |
| DOI | 10.2492/jsir1981.9.17 |
Cover
| Abstract | 脳内に存在する生理活性ペプチド(神経ペプチド)は, 近年, その多くが腸管ないしその誘導器官に共通して存在することが明らかにされ, 脳一腸管ペプチドとよばれるようになった. 自律神経系においても, アセチルコリン, ノルアドレナリン, アドレナリン, ドーパミンといった古典的な神経伝達物質に加え, 神経ペプチドの神経伝達物質としての役割が注目されている(表1). 気管-気管支系は, 発生学的に前腸より生ずるため, 胃腸管と同様, 気道における神経ペプチドの役割は, 興味あるところである. 事実, 種々の神経ペプチドが気道にも存在することが明らかにされ1), 気管支平滑筋に対する作用, 気管支腺分泌に対する作用, 肺血流に対する作用, アレルギー反応との関与などが報告されている. 筆者らは, ここに気管支喘息の病態生理における神経ペプチドの関与について文献的にまとめ, 考察を加えてみることにする. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | 脳内に存在する生理活性ペプチド(神経ペプチド)は, 近年, その多くが腸管ないしその誘導器官に共通して存在することが明らかにされ, 脳一腸管ペプチドとよばれるようになった. 自律神経系においても, アセチルコリン, ノルアドレナリン, アドレナリン, ドーパミンといった古典的な神経伝達物質に加え, 神経ペプチドの神経伝達物質としての役割が注目されている(表1). 気管-気管支系は, 発生学的に前腸より生ずるため, 胃腸管と同様, 気道における神経ペプチドの役割は, 興味あるところである. 事実, 種々の神経ペプチドが気道にも存在することが明らかにされ1), 気管支平滑筋に対する作用, 気管支腺分泌に対する作用, 肺血流に対する作用, アレルギー反応との関与などが報告されている. 筆者らは, ここに気管支喘息の病態生理における神経ペプチドの関与について文献的にまとめ, 考察を加えてみることにする. |
| Author | 黒沢, 元博 石塚, 全 |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: 黒沢, 元博 organization: 群馬大学医学部第一内科学教室 – sequence: 1 fullname: 石塚, 全 organization: 群馬大学医学部第一内科学教室 |
| BookMark | eNo1kD1LA0EQhhdRMMaU_gPbi7NfdzdlCEaFgI3Wy97dJt5xuYS9WFieV_nRiEXAws7KxsZftGDwX7iQWLzzFMM8w8wB2a3mlSHkiEKfCWQnRZ1bijHtY59GO6RD41gEAiDcJR3gMQaCIeyTXl3nCQCLGQOKHXL887X6bV5d8-maR9e8uPun9cf7-vvZtW-uXbm2ce3DIdmb6LI2vS275Hp0ejU8D8aXZxfDwTgoqJAiSDE1IddMZqHRbAKSUWTchJNERkYmUrIENecJZtJALIT25EloZCbiFBPgXTLaeGcmy1Ndzqsyr4wq5re28ntVuuDWTE2l_KGoAACBenAfGvnCuESJkfCiwUZU1Es9NWph85m2d0rbZZ6W3rh9lkK1iR__76U32qpC8z8kgXAA |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 日本炎症･再生医学会 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 日本炎症･再生医学会 |
| CorporateAuthor | 群馬大学医学部第一内科学教室 |
| CorporateAuthor_xml | – name: 群馬大学医学部第一内科学教室 |
| DOI | 10.2492/jsir1981.9.17 |
| DatabaseTitleList | |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| EISSN | 1884-4006 |
| EndPage | 23 |
| ExternalDocumentID | cp3regen_1989_000901_003_0017_0023595974 article_jsir1981_9_1_9_1_17_article_char_ja |
| GroupedDBID | ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS JSF KQ8 MOJWN RJT |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-j1454-c9ce63a25d6ea2f0521923e6fb57e5b552b9a33b9d5e0844ad5e3b6e5d48c9b03 |
| ISSN | 0389-4290 |
| IngestDate | Thu Jul 10 16:14:34 EDT 2025 Wed Sep 03 06:19:38 EDT 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | false |
| IsScholarly | false |
| Issue | 1 |
| Language | Japanese |
| LinkModel | OpenURL |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-j1454-c9ce63a25d6ea2f0521923e6fb57e5b552b9a33b9d5e0844ad5e3b6e5d48c9b03 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsir1981/9/1/9_1_17/_article/-char/ja |
| PageCount | 7 |
| ParticipantIDs | medicalonline_journals_cp3regen_1989_000901_003_0017_0023595974 jstage_primary_article_jsir1981_9_1_9_1_17_article_char_ja |
| PublicationCentury | 1900 |
| PublicationDate | 19890000 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 1989-01-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – year: 1989 text: 19890000 |
| PublicationDecade | 1980 |
| PublicationTitle | 炎症 |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | 炎症 |
| PublicationYear | 1989 |
| Publisher | 日本炎症・再生医学会 日本炎症学会 |
| Publisher_xml | – name: 日本炎症・再生医学会 – name: 日本炎症学会 |
| References | 12) Matsuzaki, Y., Hamasaki, Y., Said, S.I.: Vasoactive intestinal peptide: a possible transmitter of nonadrenergic relaxation of guinea pig airways. Science 210: 1252-1253, 1980. 15) Lundberg, J.M., Änggård, A., Fahrenkrug, J., Hökfelt, T., Mutt, V.: Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in cholinergic neurons of exocrine glands : Functional significance of coexisting transmitters for vasodilation and secretion. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77: 1651-1655, 1980. 17) Fjellner, B., Hägermark, Ö.: Studies on puritogenic and histamine-releasing effects of some putative peptide neurotransmitters. Acta Dermatovener 61: 245-250, 1981. 24) Saria, A., Martling, C.R., Theodorsson-Norheim, E., Gamse, R., Hua, X.Y., Lundberg, J.M.: Coexisting peptides in capsaicin-sensitive sensory neurons: release and actions in the respiratory tract of the guinea pig. Acta Physiologica Hungarica 69: 421-424, 1987. 11) Coleman, R.A., Levy, G.P.: A non-adrenergic inhibitory nervous pathway in guinea-pig trachea. Br. J. Pharmacol. 52: 167-174, 1974. 30) Fuller, R.W., Dixon, C.M.S., Cuss, F.M.C., Barnes, P.J.: Bradykinin-induced bronchocon-striction in humans. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 135: 176-180, 1987. 3) Barnes, P.J., Skoogh, B-E., Brown, J.K., Nadel, J.A.: Activation of alpha-adrenergic responses in airway smooth muscle: post-receptor mechanism. J. Appl. Physiol. 54: 1469-1476, 1983. 32) Dixon, M., Jackson, D.M., Richards, I.M.: The effect of sodium cromoglycate on lung irritant receptors and left ventricular receptors in anaesthetized dogs. Br. J. Pharmacol. 67: 569-574, 1979. 21) Lundblad, L., Lundberg, J.M., Änggård, A., Zetterström, O.: Capsaicin-sensitive nerves and the cutaneous allergy reaction in man. Possible involvement of sensory neuropeptides in the flare reacton. Allergy 42: 20-25, 1987. 28) Martling, C-R., Theodorsson-Norheim, E., Lundberg, J.M.: Occurrence and effects of multiple tachykinins; substance P, neurokinin A and neuropeptide K in human lower airways. Life Sci. 40: 1633-1643, 1987. 13) Ito, Y., Takeda, K.: Non-adrenergic inhibitory nerves and putative transmitters in the smooth muscle of cat trachea. J. Physiol. 330: 497-511, 1982. 22) Hägermark, Ö., Hökfelt, T., Pernow, B.: Flare and itch induced by substance P in human skin. J. Invest. Dermatol. 71: 233-235, 1978. 1) Ghatei, M.A., Sheppard, M.N., O'Shaughnessy, D.J., Adrian, T.E., McGregor, G.P., Polak, J.M., Bloom, S.R.: Regulatory peptides in the mammalian respiratory tract. Endocrinology 111: 1248-1254, 1982. 9) Diamond L., O'Donnell, M.: A nonadrenergic vagal inhibitory pathway to feline airways. Science 208: 185-188, 1980. 25) Barthó, L., Amann, R., Saria, A.J., Szolcsányi, J., Lembeck, F.: Peripheral effects of opioid drugs on capsaicin-sensitive neurones of the guinea-pig bronchus and rabbit ear. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 336: 316-320, 1987. 18) Morice, A.H., Unwin, R.J., Sever, P.S.: Vasoactive intestinal peptide as a bronchodilator in asthmatic subjects. Peptides 5: 439-400, 1984. 10) Coburn, R.F., Tomita, T.: Evidence for nonadrenergic inhibitory nerves in the guinea pig trachealis muscle. Am. J. Physiol. 224: 1072-1080, 1973. 20) Hvidsten, D., Jenssen, T.G., Bolle, R., Burhol, P.G.: Plasma gastrointestinal regulatory peptides in exercise-induced asthma. Eur. J. Respir. Dis. 68: 326-331, 1986. 26) Lundberg, J.M., Martling, C-R., Saria, A.: Substance P and capsaicin-induced contraction of human bronchi. Acta Physiol. Scand. 119: 49-53, 1983. 19) Barnes, P.J., Dixon, C.M.S.: The effect of inhaled vasoactive intestinal peptide on bronchial reactivity to histamine in humans. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 130: 162-166, 1984. 7) Uchida, Y., Nomura, A., Ohtsuka, M., Hasegawa, S., Goto, K., Kimura, S., Sugita, Y., Uchiyama, Y.: Neurokinin A as a potent bronchoconstrictor. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 136: 718-721, 1987. 16) Undem, B.J., Dick, E.C., Bucker, C.K.: Inhibition by vasoactive intestinal peptide of antigeninduced histamine release from guinea-pig minced lung. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 88: 247-250, 1983. 2) Barnes, P.J.: The third nervous system in the lung: physiology and clinical perspectives. Thorax 39: 561-567, 1984. 14) Carstairs, J.R., Barnes, P.J.: Visualization of vasoactive intestinal peptide receptors in human and guinea pig lung. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 239: 249-255, 1986. 23) Barnes, P.J.: Asthma as an axon reflex. Lancet I: 242-245, 1986. 4) Lundberg, J.M., Saria, A.: Bronchial smooth muscle contraction induced by stimulation of capsaicin-sensitive vagal sensory neurons. Acta Physiol. Scand. 116: 477-480, 1982. 27) Piotrowski, W., Devoy, M.A.B., Jordan, C.C., Foreman, J.C.: The substance P receptor on rat mast cells and in human skin. Agents and Actions 14: 420-424, 1984. 31) Newball, H.H.: Response of asthmatic airways to intravenous bradykinin and histamine. Med. Ann. District Columbia 43: 111-114, 1974. 6) Franco-Cereceda, A., Henke, H., Lundberg, J.M., Petermann, J.B., Hokfelt, T., Fischer, J.A.: Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in capsaicin-sensitive substance P-immunoreactive sensory neurons in animals and man: Distribution and release by capsaicin. Peptides 8: 399-410, 1986. 29) Theodorsson-Norheim, E., Hua, X., Brodin, E., Lundberg, J.M.: Capsaicin treatment decreases tissue levels of neurokinin A -like immunoreactivity in the guinea pig. Acta Physiol. Scand. 124: 129-131, 1985. 8) Richardson, J., Báland, J.: Nonadrenergic inhibitory nervous system in human airways. J. Appl. Physiol. 41: 764-771, 1976. 5) Lundberg, J.M., Brodin, E., Saria A.: Effects and distribution of vagal capsaicin-sensitive substance P neurons with special reference to the trachea and lungs. Acta Phisiol. Scand. 119: 243-252, 1983. |
| References_xml | – reference: 31) Newball, H.H.: Response of asthmatic airways to intravenous bradykinin and histamine. Med. Ann. District Columbia 43: 111-114, 1974. – reference: 7) Uchida, Y., Nomura, A., Ohtsuka, M., Hasegawa, S., Goto, K., Kimura, S., Sugita, Y., Uchiyama, Y.: Neurokinin A as a potent bronchoconstrictor. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 136: 718-721, 1987. – reference: 6) Franco-Cereceda, A., Henke, H., Lundberg, J.M., Petermann, J.B., Hokfelt, T., Fischer, J.A.: Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in capsaicin-sensitive substance P-immunoreactive sensory neurons in animals and man: Distribution and release by capsaicin. Peptides 8: 399-410, 1986. – reference: 26) Lundberg, J.M., Martling, C-R., Saria, A.: Substance P and capsaicin-induced contraction of human bronchi. Acta Physiol. Scand. 119: 49-53, 1983. – reference: 18) Morice, A.H., Unwin, R.J., Sever, P.S.: Vasoactive intestinal peptide as a bronchodilator in asthmatic subjects. Peptides 5: 439-400, 1984. – reference: 2) Barnes, P.J.: The third nervous system in the lung: physiology and clinical perspectives. Thorax 39: 561-567, 1984. – reference: 10) Coburn, R.F., Tomita, T.: Evidence for nonadrenergic inhibitory nerves in the guinea pig trachealis muscle. Am. J. Physiol. 224: 1072-1080, 1973. – reference: 30) Fuller, R.W., Dixon, C.M.S., Cuss, F.M.C., Barnes, P.J.: Bradykinin-induced bronchocon-striction in humans. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 135: 176-180, 1987. – reference: 27) Piotrowski, W., Devoy, M.A.B., Jordan, C.C., Foreman, J.C.: The substance P receptor on rat mast cells and in human skin. Agents and Actions 14: 420-424, 1984. – reference: 15) Lundberg, J.M., Änggård, A., Fahrenkrug, J., Hökfelt, T., Mutt, V.: Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in cholinergic neurons of exocrine glands : Functional significance of coexisting transmitters for vasodilation and secretion. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77: 1651-1655, 1980. – reference: 23) Barnes, P.J.: Asthma as an axon reflex. Lancet I: 242-245, 1986. – reference: 9) Diamond L., O'Donnell, M.: A nonadrenergic vagal inhibitory pathway to feline airways. Science 208: 185-188, 1980. – reference: 24) Saria, A., Martling, C.R., Theodorsson-Norheim, E., Gamse, R., Hua, X.Y., Lundberg, J.M.: Coexisting peptides in capsaicin-sensitive sensory neurons: release and actions in the respiratory tract of the guinea pig. Acta Physiologica Hungarica 69: 421-424, 1987. – reference: 13) Ito, Y., Takeda, K.: Non-adrenergic inhibitory nerves and putative transmitters in the smooth muscle of cat trachea. J. Physiol. 330: 497-511, 1982. – reference: 29) Theodorsson-Norheim, E., Hua, X., Brodin, E., Lundberg, J.M.: Capsaicin treatment decreases tissue levels of neurokinin A -like immunoreactivity in the guinea pig. Acta Physiol. Scand. 124: 129-131, 1985. – reference: 16) Undem, B.J., Dick, E.C., Bucker, C.K.: Inhibition by vasoactive intestinal peptide of antigeninduced histamine release from guinea-pig minced lung. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 88: 247-250, 1983. – reference: 17) Fjellner, B., Hägermark, Ö.: Studies on puritogenic and histamine-releasing effects of some putative peptide neurotransmitters. Acta Dermatovener 61: 245-250, 1981. – reference: 21) Lundblad, L., Lundberg, J.M., Änggård, A., Zetterström, O.: Capsaicin-sensitive nerves and the cutaneous allergy reaction in man. Possible involvement of sensory neuropeptides in the flare reacton. Allergy 42: 20-25, 1987. – reference: 28) Martling, C-R., Theodorsson-Norheim, E., Lundberg, J.M.: Occurrence and effects of multiple tachykinins; substance P, neurokinin A and neuropeptide K in human lower airways. Life Sci. 40: 1633-1643, 1987. – reference: 1) Ghatei, M.A., Sheppard, M.N., O'Shaughnessy, D.J., Adrian, T.E., McGregor, G.P., Polak, J.M., Bloom, S.R.: Regulatory peptides in the mammalian respiratory tract. Endocrinology 111: 1248-1254, 1982. – reference: 20) Hvidsten, D., Jenssen, T.G., Bolle, R., Burhol, P.G.: Plasma gastrointestinal regulatory peptides in exercise-induced asthma. Eur. J. Respir. Dis. 68: 326-331, 1986. – reference: 32) Dixon, M., Jackson, D.M., Richards, I.M.: The effect of sodium cromoglycate on lung irritant receptors and left ventricular receptors in anaesthetized dogs. Br. J. Pharmacol. 67: 569-574, 1979. – reference: 22) Hägermark, Ö., Hökfelt, T., Pernow, B.: Flare and itch induced by substance P in human skin. J. Invest. Dermatol. 71: 233-235, 1978. – reference: 5) Lundberg, J.M., Brodin, E., Saria A.: Effects and distribution of vagal capsaicin-sensitive substance P neurons with special reference to the trachea and lungs. Acta Phisiol. Scand. 119: 243-252, 1983. – reference: 14) Carstairs, J.R., Barnes, P.J.: Visualization of vasoactive intestinal peptide receptors in human and guinea pig lung. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 239: 249-255, 1986. – reference: 25) Barthó, L., Amann, R., Saria, A.J., Szolcsányi, J., Lembeck, F.: Peripheral effects of opioid drugs on capsaicin-sensitive neurones of the guinea-pig bronchus and rabbit ear. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 336: 316-320, 1987. – reference: 11) Coleman, R.A., Levy, G.P.: A non-adrenergic inhibitory nervous pathway in guinea-pig trachea. Br. J. Pharmacol. 52: 167-174, 1974. – reference: 12) Matsuzaki, Y., Hamasaki, Y., Said, S.I.: Vasoactive intestinal peptide: a possible transmitter of nonadrenergic relaxation of guinea pig airways. Science 210: 1252-1253, 1980. – reference: 19) Barnes, P.J., Dixon, C.M.S.: The effect of inhaled vasoactive intestinal peptide on bronchial reactivity to histamine in humans. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 130: 162-166, 1984. – reference: 3) Barnes, P.J., Skoogh, B-E., Brown, J.K., Nadel, J.A.: Activation of alpha-adrenergic responses in airway smooth muscle: post-receptor mechanism. J. Appl. Physiol. 54: 1469-1476, 1983. – reference: 4) Lundberg, J.M., Saria, A.: Bronchial smooth muscle contraction induced by stimulation of capsaicin-sensitive vagal sensory neurons. Acta Physiol. Scand. 116: 477-480, 1982. – reference: 8) Richardson, J., Báland, J.: Nonadrenergic inhibitory nervous system in human airways. J. Appl. Physiol. 41: 764-771, 1976. |
| SSID | ssib002822019 ssib008531793 ssj0000493081 ssib000872115 ssib020873149 |
| Score | 1.2530172 |
| Snippet | 脳内に存在する生理活性ペプチド(神経ペプチド)は, 近年, その多くが腸管ないしその誘導器官に共通して存在することが明らかにされ, 脳一腸管ペプチドとよばれるようになった. 自律神経系においても, アセチルコリン, ノルアドレナリン, アドレナリン, ドーパミンといった古典的な神経伝達物質に加え,... |
| SourceID | medicalonline jstage |
| SourceType | Publisher |
| StartPage | 17 |
| Subtitle | 気管支喘息の病態への関与の可能性 |
| Title | 気道における神経ペプチド |
| URI | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsir1981/9/1/9_1_17/_article/-char/ja http://mol.medicalonline.jp/en/journal/download?GoodsID=cp3regen/1989/000901/003&name=0017-0023j |
| Volume | 9 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| ispartofPNX | 炎症, 1989/01/10, Vol.9(1), pp.17-23 |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpR27btRAcBWFBgkhECDCSymypQ97H_YuDbIvjiIQSEiJlM7y2muJk0iiy6WhO67i0SCKSBR0VDQ0fBCyRMRfMOO173yEgkBx1sgzNzvjWe_O2DNjQjZMBRODmcLTyjeeyMvK05EpsVYmMoFVRjWB4pOn4faueLQn91ZWvveylo4nZlC8_GNdyb9YFc6BXbFK9hyWnTOFEwCDfeEIFobjX9mYpiFNfKojmmpwCanmNOUIxEkLqLgFdNAAjCpARTSWVKcIJJKqYYPiVMcdELWACjpA971Y_COyajgA8WIzQ0GShGrWiMZozNCGNIVRJPJBYBMGWtADgy2aNJg4QBEW9LFaPJPApKv5_EHmulECgSGNh2clagUHYZBZiMMiSuBwaaO0Q8WbNA5pKmgy7ORqC72U9mAbda9zrFu3lRIQCvthf2HXZ-avW6RdsWi73btq5983EuyjiBvJ0fMx6BcM9KD701Jv7tbyWUeX6cz9gijrcFg9l43Ahb_AoijArNPHz_oeMIbgPY8VHLZ-g3zwpvpLKAN6HrQR88gFeNxvPsU7vyyukyxqcH9JfvCxRhBxYCuJSy_cW0DXjaXnUO1cIZfbSGg9dgpcJSuj_BrZ-PH15Of0Qz39Uk_f1NP39au3p58_nX57V88-1rOTejatZ6-vk92tdGe47bUf8vBGgZDCK3RhQ54zWYY2ZxXWi0NcYcPKyMhKIyUzOufc6FJaXwlYMaTlJrSyFKrQxuc3yOr-wb69SdYFkBpmpZ_zQihR5YpVEEIYC2FCWRb-GnnglMwOXbeW7Bw2WiMPly5M1t7rR1lxyMcW7vYMZzsmbIAbjW11MSUUEzgY1rdDaH7rf4a_TS66DEZ8wHeHrE7Gx_YuuLwTc6-ZNL8AIeqLag |
| linkProvider | Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%E6%B0%97%E9%81%93%E3%81%AB%E3%81%8A%E3%81%91%E3%82%8B%E7%A5%9E%E7%B5%8C%E3%83%9A%E3%83%97%E3%83%81%E3%83%89&rft.jtitle=%E7%82%8E%E7%97%87&rft.au=%E9%BB%92%E6%B2%A2%2C+%E5%85%83%E5%8D%9A&rft.au=%E7%9F%B3%E5%A1%9A%2C+%E5%85%A8&rft.date=1989&rft.pub=%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E7%82%8E%E7%97%87%E3%83%BB%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E4%BC%9A&rft.issn=0389-4290&rft.eissn=1884-4006&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.epage=23&rft_id=info:doi/10.2492%2Fjsir1981.9.17&rft.externalDocID=article_jsir1981_9_1_9_1_17_article_char_ja |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0389-4290&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0389-4290&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0389-4290&client=summon |