Tau reduction prevents disease in a mouse model of Dravet syndrome

• Published in: Annals of neurology Vol. 76; no. 3; pp. 443 - 456
• Main Authors: Gheyara, Ania L., Ponnusamy, Ravikumar, Djukic, Biljana, Craft, Ryan J., Ho, Kaitlyn, Guo, Weikun, Finucane, Mariel M., Sanchez, Pascal E., Mucke, Lennart
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.09.2014; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Alleles; Animals; Behavior; Behavior, Animal - physiology; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsies, Myoclonic - metabolism; Epilepsies, Myoclonic - physiopathology; Epilepsies, Myoclonic - therapy; Epilepsy; Female; Hippocampus - metabolism; Hippocampus - pathology; Hippocampus - physiopathology; Learning - physiology; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mortality; Mutation - genetics; NAV1.1 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel - genetics; Seizures - etiology; Seizures - metabolism; Seizures - physiopathology; tau Proteins - genetics; tau Proteins - metabolism
• ISSN: 0364-5134; 1531-8249
• DOI: 10.1002/ana.24230

Objective Reducing levels of the microtubule‐associated protein tau has shown promise as a potential treatment strategy for diseases with secondary epileptic features such as Alzheimer disease. We wanted to determine whether tau reduction may also be of benefit in intractable genetic epilepsies. Methods We studied a mouse model of Dravet syndrome, a severe childhood epilepsy caused by mutations in the human SCN1A gene encoding the voltage‐gated sodium channel subunit Nav1.1. We genetically deleted 1 or 2 Tau alleles in mice carrying an Nav1.1 truncation mutation (R1407X) that causes Dravet syndrome in humans, and examined their survival, epileptic activity, related hippocampal alterations, and behavioral abnormalities using observation, electroencephalographic recordings, acute slice electrophysiology, immunohistochemistry, and behavioral assays. Results Tau ablation prevented the high mortality of Dravet mice and reduced the frequency of spontaneous and febrile seizures. It reduced interictal epileptic spikes in vivo and drug‐induced epileptic activity in brain slices ex vivo. Tau ablation also prevented biochemical changes in the hippocampus indicative of epileptic activity and ameliorated abnormalities in learning and memory, nest building, and open field behaviors in Dravet mice. Deletion of only 1 Tau allele was sufficient to suppress epileptic activity and improve survival and nesting performance. Interpretation Tau reduction may be of therapeutic benefit in Dravet syndrome and other intractable genetic epilepsies. Ann Neurol 2014;76:443–456