Rare transmission of hepatitis B virus by Dutch donors with occult infection
BACKGROUND To reduce the rate of transfusion‐transmitted hepatitis B virus (HBV), HBV DNA testing was introduced for all Dutch blood donations in 2008, in addition to the existing screening for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg). This study describes the lookback results for repeat donors with an “HBV DNA‐...
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Published in | Transfusion (Philadelphia, Pa.) Vol. 56; no. 3; pp. 691 - 698 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.03.2016
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | BACKGROUND
To reduce the rate of transfusion‐transmitted hepatitis B virus (HBV), HBV DNA testing was introduced for all Dutch blood donations in 2008, in addition to the existing screening for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg). This study describes the lookback results for repeat donors with an “HBV DNA‐only” test result (HBV DNA‐positive and HBsAg‐negative).
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS
From November 2008 until June 2011, a total of 2.3 million blood donations were tested for HBV DNA and 22 donors showed the HBV DNA‐only profile. Four donors had early preseroconversion HBV infection, two showed suppressed infection after vaccination, and 16 donors had occult chronic HBV infection (OBI). Potentially infectious donations were traced back as far as 1992. If possible the recipients were tested for current and past HBV infection.
RESULTS
A total of 416 implicated donations could be traced in blood bank records, involving 448 issued blood products. For 170 (38%) of the recipients no information was obtained from the hospitals; 196 (44%) recipients had died, and 82 (18%) were tested for HBV. Six recipients tested positive for current (n = 4) or past (n = 2) HBV infection. For two recipients transfusion was ruled out as the source of infection. Three patients showed HBV DNA sequences matching with the HBV in one common OBI donor. Overall, in four of 82 tested recipients (5%) HBV transmission was likely.
CONCLUSION
In our lookback study HBV testing was possible in only a minority (18%) of potentially exposed recipients. A low transmission rate (5%) was observed in recipients of blood components from donors with OBI. |
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Bibliography: | istex:49EEAF2651559A9AC916129AC2B657BC8C6ACB4C ArticleID:TRF13401 ark:/67375/WNG-259PQJ6J-1 This article was published online on 11 November 2015. After online publication, the positioning of figures with the text was revised. This notice is included in the online and print versions to indicate that both have been corrected on 29 February 2016. ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 0041-1132 1537-2995 |
DOI: | 10.1111/trf.13401 |