Serum selenium is low in newly diagnosed Graves' disease: a population-based study

• Published in: Clinical endocrinology (Oxford) Vol. 79; no. 4; pp. 584 - 590
• Main Authors: Bülow Pedersen, Inge, Knudsen, Nils, Carlé, Allan, Schomburg, Lutz, Köhrle, Josef, Jørgensen, Torben, Rasmussen, Lone Banke, Ovesen, Lars, Laurberg, Peter
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.10.2013; Blackwell; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Adult; Biological and medical sciences; Denmark; Endocrinopathies; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Graves Disease - blood; Graves Disease - diagnosis; Hashimoto Disease - blood; Hashimoto Disease - diagnosis; Humans; Logistic Models; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Non tumoral diseases. Target tissue resistance. Benign neoplasms; Population Surveillance - methods; Selenium - blood; Thyroid Hormones - blood; Thyroid. Thyroid axis (diseases); Thyroiditis, Autoimmune; Vertebrates: endocrinology; Denmark; Endocrinopathy; Immunopathology; Hyperthyroidism; Thyroid diseases; Graves disease; Autoimmune disease; Early stage; Serum; Selenium; Statistical study; Endocrinology
• ISSN: 0300-0664; 1365-2265; 1365-2265
• DOI: 10.1111/cen.12185

Summary Context Selenium deficiency may play an important role in the initiation and progression of autoimmune thyroid disease. Objective To compare serum selenium (s‐Se) values in patients with newly diagnosed autoimmune thyroid disease and controls from the Danish population. Design and settings S‐Se was measured in triplicate by a fluorimetric method. Participants Patients with newly diagnosed Graves’ disease (GD) (n = 97) or autoimmune overt hypothyroidism (AIH) (n = 96), euthyroid subjects with high serum levels of thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO‐Ab) (TPO‐Ab > 1500 U/ml, n = 92) and random controls (n = 830). Main outcome measure Differences in s‐Se values. Results S‐Se was lower in patients with GD than in controls (mean (SD), GD: 89·9 μg/l (18·4); controls: 98·8 μg/l (19·7), P < 0·01). This was confirmed in a multivariate logistic regression model adjusting for age, sex, mineral supplements, smoking, geographical region and time of sampling (P < 0·01). In a linear model, s‐Se was similar in patients with AIH (mean (SD): 98·4 μg/l (24·9)) and in controls (P = 0·86). In the multivariate model however, s‐Se was marginally lower in patients with AIH compared to controls (P = 0·04). There was no significant difference in s‐Se between euthyroid participants with high TPO‐Ab and random controls (linear: P = 0·97; multivariate: P = 0·27). Conclusion Patients with newly diagnosed GD and AIH had significantly lower s‐Se compared with random controls. Our observation supports the postulated link between inadequate selenium supply and overt autoimmune thyroid disease, especially GD.