Comparison of changes in markers of muscle damage induced by eccentric exercise and ischemia/reperfusion

• Published in: Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports Vol. 20; no. 5; pp. 748 - 756
• Main Authors: Su, Q.-S., Zhang, J.-G., Dong, R., Hua, B., Sun, J.-Z.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.10.2010
• Subjects: Analysis; Animal subjects; Animals; Biomarkers; Biomarkers - metabolism; Blood; Blood flow; Creatine Kinase - blood; Creatine Kinase, MM Form - blood; eccentric exercise; Exercise; Female; Interleukin-6 - blood; Ischemia; ischemia/reperfusion; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase - blood; Medical disorders; Mitochondria, Muscle - ultrastructure; muscle damage; Muscles; Muscles (exercise effects); Muscles - injuries; Muscles - metabolism; Muscles - ultrastructure; Muscular system; Oxidative Stress; Physical Conditioning, Animal - adverse effects; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury - metabolism; Reperfusion Injury - pathology; Rodents; Speed; Sport science; Superoxide Dismutase - blood
• ISSN: 0905-7188; 1600-0838; 1600-0838
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01015.x

To examine the effects of eccentric exercise (EE) and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) on the markers of muscle damage, 72 rats were randomly assigned to the EE group, I/R group and control group (C), respectively. The rats in EE ran downhill on a treadmill with a 16° inclination at a constant speed for 90 min, and the rats in the I/R group underwent 90 min of four‐limb ischemia, followed by 24, 48 and 72 h of reperfusion. Blood and tissue samples were collected immediately, 24, 48 and 72 h after exercise or reperfusion. Quantitative analyses showed that the I/R group had a significantly larger mitochondrial volume at 24 h after reperfusion compared with the C, and there were more disrupted Z‐lines in the EE group and more disrupted mitochondria in the I/R group at 24 h after exercise or reperfusion. When compared with the C, a significantly lower total antioxidant capacity and higher interleukin‐6 value were observed after exercise or reperfusion. Our data suggest that although EE and I/R result in some similar changes in the muscle damage markers, there are still some differences. The EE‐ and I/R‐induced muscle damage may be due to different mechanisms.