Analysis of the role of the pyruvate decarboxylase gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana under low-oxygen conditions

Plants under low-oxygen conditions adapt their metabolism by inducing the fermentative pathway, with ethanol as the predominant end product. Activities of pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) are required for this pathway. While a single gene encodes ADH in Arabidopsis, a fam...

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Published inPlant biology (Stuttgart, Germany) Vol. 16; no. 1; pp. 28 - 34
Main Authors Mithran, M., Paparelli, E., Novi, G., Perata, P., Loreti, E.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.01.2014
Subjects
Adaptation, Physiological
Alcohol dehydrogenase
anoxia
Arabidopsis - enzymology
Arabidopsis - genetics
Arabidopsis - growth & development
Arabidopsis thaliana
Genes, Plant
Oxygen - metabolism
pyruvate decarboxylase
Pyruvate Decarboxylase - genetics
Pyruvate Decarboxylase - metabolism
Arabidopsis thaliana
Alcohol dehydrogenase
anoxia
pyruvate decarboxylase
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Summary:Plants under low-oxygen conditions adapt their metabolism by inducing the fermentative pathway, with ethanol as the predominant end product. Activities of pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) are required for this pathway. While a single gene encodes ADH in Arabidopsis, a family of four genes codes PDC. The availability of microarray data sets enabled the relative importance of the four PDC genes under low oxygen to be assessed, and revealed that, contrary to previous published evidence, not only PDC1 but also PDC2 plays a role under hypoxic conditions. We observed a high level of expression, both at transcript and protein levels of PDCs, even under aerobic conditions when ADH is almost absent. This suggests that PDC has a role under aerobic conditions, which is not coupled to fermentative metabolism. The expression of both PDC1 and PDC2 is strongly up-regulated under low oxygen. PDC1 is predominantly present in roots, while PDC2 appears to be leaf-specific. We showed that mutations in both PDC1 and PDC2 result in lower tolerance to submergence.
Bibliography:Table S1. List of primers used to detect T-DNA insertions.Table S2. List of the primers used for gene expression analysis.Figure S1. Expression pattern of PDC genes throughout the development of Arabidopsis, based on Genevestigator ® microarray data sets.Figure S2. Classification of developmental stages (Boyes et al. ).Figure S3. Immunoblot analysis of ADH and PDC in seedlings at stage 1.0 and at stage 1.14.Figure S4. Map of the T-DNA insertions in the pdc1 and pdc2 mutants and their phenotype.Figure S5. Immunoblot analysis of PDC in organs from plants at stage 6.90.Figure S6. Loading controls for the immunoblot analysis.
ark:/67375/WNG-Q7LLBJC8-T
Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna
istex:0CDCEC6F2930A08E9B9377B878E1F090EE0BBAC9
ArticleID:PLB12005
ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
ISSN:1435-8603
1438-8677
DOI:10.1111/plb.12005