Vitamin D and Cathelicidin (LL-37) Status in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes andStaphylococcus aureus Nasal Carriage
OBJECTIVE: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is characterized by the dysregulation of innate immunity leading to higher rates of Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage, an important risk factor for severe infections. 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH) D) may contribute, via the production of the antimicrobial...
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Published in | The review of diabetic studies Vol. 17; no. 1; pp. 30 - 37 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
JCF CORP
01.07.2021
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | OBJECTIVE: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is characterized by the dysregulation of innate immunity leading to higher rates of Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage, an important risk factor for severe infections. 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH) D) may contribute, via the production
of the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin (LL-37), to epithelial host defense against S. aureus. This study evaluated whether 25(OH)D and LL-37 levels determine S. aureus nasal carriage.METHODS: Two consecutive nasal swabs were obtained from 118 T2D patients to determine
S. aureus nasal carriage status. Serum levels of 25(OH)D and LL-37 were measured using chemiluminescence immunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Supplementation of vitamin D by a number of participants was taken into account and evaluated.RESULTS: Forty-two
T2D patients (35.6%) were found to be colonized by S. aureus. Vitamin D deficiency was detected in sixty-nine patients (65.7%). Median value for LL-37 in T2D patients was 0.89 ng/ml (range 0.05-8.62 ng/ml). Circulating levels of LL-37 were higher in nasal carriers compared to
non-carriers (1.25 ng/ml vs 0.72 ng/ml; p < 0.001). No difference was found in serum 25(OH) D levels between carriers and non-carriers. 25(OH)D and LL37 serum levels correlated positively in non-carriers, while the relationship was inversed in the carrier group. Vitamin D supplementation
was not associated with lower incidence of S. aureus nasal carriage (p = 0.706).CONCLUSIONS: T2D patients presented decreased serum levels of 25(OH)D and LL-37, indicating a potential impairment of innate immunity. Expression of LL-37 may be induced by S. aureus nasal
carriage among people with diabetes. Vitamin D supplementation did not influence S. aureus nasal colonization in T2D patients. |
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Bibliography: | 1613-6071(20210701)17:1L.30;1- |
ISSN: | 1613-6071 1614-0575 |
DOI: | 10.1900/RDS.2021.17.30 |