Maximum-Likelihood Estimation of Recording Position Based on Audio Watermarking

In this paper, we propose a maximum-likelihood method for estimating a recording position inside several loudspeakers as a brand-new application of digital audio watermarking, which could be useful for protecting from illegal recordings of movies. An error model of times of arrival (TOAs) is utilize...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inThird International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing (IIH-MSP 2007) Vol. 2; pp. 255 - 258
Main Authors Nakashima, Y., Tachibana, R., Babaguchi, N.
Format Conference Proceeding
LanguageEnglish
Published IEEE 01.11.2007
Subjects
Detection algorithms
Digital recording
Loudspeakers
Maximum likelihood detection
Maximum likelihood estimation
Motion pictures
Position measurement
Protection
Watermarking
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Summary:In this paper, we propose a maximum-likelihood method for estimating a recording position inside several loudspeakers as a brand-new application of digital audio watermarking, which could be useful for protecting from illegal recordings of movies. An error model of times of arrival (TOAs) is utilized to estimate the recording position. The error model is constructed based on watermarking strengths, which are calculated by a watermark detection algorithm. This enables us to estimate the position if some of the TOAs are accurately measured. Experimental results indicate that the algorithm can estimate the recording position with the mean value of errors of 0.81 m.
ISBN:9780769529943
0769529941
DOI:10.1109/IIH-MSP.2007.221