Antimicrobial Activity of Coriander

• Published in: Handbook of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) Vol. 1; pp. 123 - 144
• Main Authors: Shoaib, Hadia, Ayyildiz, Hamide Filiz, Ismail, Umaima, Kara, Huseyin
• Format: Book Chapter
• Language: English
• Published: CRC Press 2023
• Edition: 1
• Subjects: Bacillus Pumilus; Antimicrobial Activity; EOs; phytochemicals; MBIC; MSSA; Antifungal activity; Agar Dilution Method; Gram Negative Microorganisms; MRSA; Antibacterial activity; essential oil; Coriander Plant; Antibiofilm Activity; Streptococcus Pyogenes; Pseudomonas Pseudoalcaligenes; Coriander Oil; Micrococcus Luteus; Coriander; Candida Tropicalis; Streptococcus Viridans; Tonnes; Coriander Seeds; Antibiofilm Compound; bioactive compounds; Minimum Biofilm Inhibitory Concentrations; Candida Krusei; Effective Antimicrobial Agents
• ISBN: 9781032068527; 1032068523; 9781032069333; 1032069333
• DOI: 10.1201/9781003204626-11

Antimicrobial compounds derived from plants have a wide range of therapeutic applications. They effectively treat infectious diseases and have fewer side effects due to antimicrobial compounds. Coriandrum sativum L. (coriander) is well-known worldwide for its culinary and medicinal traits. Essential oils (EOs), fatty acids, tocol, sterol, and carotenoids are the main bioactive constituents in coriander, with yields and chemical compositions influenced by genotype, variety, planting season, ecotype, planting condition, growth stage, plant part, harvesting time, extracting process, and other factors. Coriander and its different extracts (seeds and leaves) have effective antimicrobial activity that can induce bacterial cell damage and inhibit the growth of both Gram-positive, i.e., Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes), Streptococcus viridans (S. viridans), methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis), Enterobacter aerogenes (E. aerogenes), Enterococcus durans (E. durans), Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes), Listeria innocua (L. innocua), Micrococcus luteus (M. luteus), Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), Bacillus pumilus (B. pumilus), and Bacillus cerius (B. cerius), and Gram-negative bacteria, i.e., Escherichia coli (E. coli), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), Klebsiella pneumoniae ozaenae (K. pneumoniae ozaenae), Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium), Salmonella enteritidis (S. enteritidis), Salmonella infantis (S. infantis), Salmonella Kentucky (S. Kentucky), Salmonella enterica (S. enterica), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Pseudomonas fluorescence (P. fluorescence), Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes (P. pseudoalcaligenes), Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis), Acinetobacter lwoffi (A. lwoffi), Alcaligenes piechaudii (A. piechaudii), Flavobacterium indologenes (F. indologenes), Yersinia enterocolitica (Y. enterocolitica), and Vibrio cholerae (V. cholerae), as well as fungi, i.e., molds and yeasts on account of different active constituents. Coriander and its various extracts have the potential for use in the food and pharmaceutical industries because of their antimicrobial properties. In this work, the antimicrobial activity of coriander is summarized. This chapter gives a summary of antibacterial and antifungal activity. Coriander is reported as one of the oldest spices, used for more than 5000 years. Various factors such as the type of EO/extract, the volume of inoculum, growth phase, pH of the media, incubation time, and incubation temperature can affect the observation of these tests; that is why there is no standard to determine the antimicrobial activity of coriander extracts. Antibacterial and antifungal activity is correlated with the destructive effects of EO active constituents (aldehydes and alcohols) on the microbial biofilm and interference with the quorum-sensing system; this makes coriander EOs a synergistic drug or substitute for antibiotics. Hopefully, the important information reported on coriander and its extracts from various parts for antimicrobial activities will help generate more interest in coriander by defining novel pharmacological and clinical applications.