Comprehensive Study on the Grid Fault Behavior of Grid-Forming Control for Modular Multilevel Converters

This comparative study evaluates the performance of various Grid-Forming techniques, namely, Virtual Synchronous Machine (VSM), Droop Control, and Proportional-Integral (PI) control. Additionally, it explores the structures used for fault current limitation, including the Voltage-Current cascade str...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in2023 25th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'23 ECCE Europe) pp. 1 - 11
Main Authors Paez, Andres, Neumann, Christian, Eckel, Hans-Gunter
Format Conference Proceeding
LanguageEnglish
Published EPE Association 04.09.2023
Subjects
Droop control
Europe
Grid-forming converters
HVDC
Impedance
Modular Multilevel Converters (MMC)
Multilevel converters
Power system reliability
Power system stability
Reliability
Topology
Voltage Source Converter (VSC)
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Summary:This comparative study evaluates the performance of various Grid-Forming techniques, namely, Virtual Synchronous Machine (VSM), Droop Control, and Proportional-Integral (PI) control. Additionally, it explores the structures used for fault current limitation, including the Voltage-Current cascade structure, the Synchronous Power Controller (SPC), and the Virtual Impedance. The study focuses on evaluating the performance of these Grid-Forming topologies and structures in terms of fault current limitation under various operating conditions and fault scenarios. Simulation-based investigations are conducted using a Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) and a representative power system. A simple and effective control strategy based on a virtual impedance is also proposed to limit the fault current.
DOI:10.23919/EPE23ECCEEurope58414.2023.10264558